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Exam (elaborations)

CMB2004 Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025

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Are B and T lymphocytes part of the adaptive or innate immune response? ~~> Adaptive it is the immune memory evolved over time What is the clonal selection theory? ~~> Immature lymphocytes that could self find are destroyed Mature naive lymphocytes are mature until they are exposed to ...

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  • September 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • CMB2001
  • CMB2001
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1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




CMB2004 Questions and Answer |
Latest Update 2024/2025
Are B and T lymphocytes part of the adaptive or innate immune response?


✓ ~~> Adaptive it is the immune memory evolved over time




What is the clonal selection theory?


✓ ~~> Immature lymphocytes that could self find are destroyed

Mature naive lymphocytes are mature until they are exposed to antigens




What are the two types of B receptor?


✓ ~~> Membrane bound

And released from membrane they are known as antibodies




T cell receptors are only membrane bound and are formed of what

heterodimer?


✓ ~~> Alpha and beta chains




Antibodies are formed if a light and heavy chain, what interactions are there

between the two?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


✓ ~~> Disulphide bridge (Hinge region)

And non covalent interactions




What forms the N terminal region of an antibody?


✓ ~~> The antigen binding site of the light and heavy chain known as

the variable region




The C terminal constant region is also known as what?


✓ ~~> The FC region (fragment crystallisable)

The region containing the variable region is called FAB (fragment antigen

binding)


Glycosylation of C2 modulates binding of heavy chain




The light chains are either lambda or kappa, what chromosome encodes

each?


✓ ~~> Lambda = chromosome 22 - 30 V genes and 7J

Kappa = chromosome 2 - 52 V genes and 5J




There are 5 isotopes of antibody, what are they?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


✓ ~~> IgM, IgD, IgG, IgE, IgA




How many hyper variable loops are there in total?


✓ ~~> 6

3 in Vh and Vl




What are complimentary determing regions?


✓ ~~> Sections of the variable region which bind the antigen




What is an epitope?


✓ ~~> the part of an antigen molecule to which an antibody attaches

itself

Can be linear = continuous


Conformational = discontinuous


Multitalented antigen - antigen with more than one epitope




What is MHC called in humans?


✓ ~~> Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


Which cells present MHCI?


And MHCII?


✓ ~~> I = on all nucleated cells

II = specialised immune cells




Class 1 is formed of heterodimers of alpha and B2 microglobulins what are

the three types encoded by different alpha genes?


✓ ~~> HLA-A

HLA-B


HLA-C


Alpha 1 and 2 form beta sheet and the peptide binding cleft


Alpha 3 and beta 2 form ig like domains


CDc8 - stabilisation.




Class 2 is formed if heterodimers of alpha and beta chains with two

transmembrane peptides what are the three tyoes?


✓ ~~> HLA-DP

HLA-DQ


HLA-DR




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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