IB Biology Exam Questions Correctly Answered.
protein - CORRECT ANSWER macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; they are made of subunits of Amino acids, needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes
phospholipid - CORRECT ANSWER The phospholipid...
protein - CORRECT ANSWER macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; they
are made of subunits of Amino acids, needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up
enzymes
phospholipid - CORRECT ANSWER The phospholipids are not "true fats" because they have one of the
fatty acids replaced by a phosphate group
natural fat - CORRECT ANSWER protect and insulate body organs (major source of stored energy in the
body)
steroid - CORRECT ANSWER Steroids are lipids because they are hydrophobic and insoluble in water, but
they do not resemble lipids since they have a structure composed of four fused rings
carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major
source of energy for the human body
nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWER macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and
phosphorus. Forming DNA and RNA
lipids - CORRECT ANSWER macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms to form 3 fatty
acids and a glycerol; includes fats, oils, and waxes
Lipids are a group of organic molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar organic
solvents
Common lipids include triglycerides (fats and oils), phospholipids and steroids
, active site - CORRECT ANSWER the active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind
and undergo a chemical reaction
glycogen - CORRECT ANSWER Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a
form of energy storage in animals and fungi
cellulose - CORRECT ANSWER Cellulose is a long chain of linked sugar molecules that gives wood its
remarkable strength. It is the main component of plant cell walls, and the basic building block for many
textiles and for paper.
starch - CORRECT ANSWER A naturally abundant nutrient carbohydrate, (C6H10O5)n, found chiefly in
the seeds, fruits, tubers, roots, and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice, and
varying widely in appearance according to source but commonly prepared as a white amorphous
tasteless powder.
glycerol - CORRECT ANSWER Glycerol is a simple polyol (sugar alcohol) compound. It is a colorless,
odorless, viscous liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerol has three hydroxyl
groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature. The glycerol backbone
is central to all lipids known as triglycerides. Glycerol is sweet-tasting and is non-toxic.
fatty acid - CORRECT ANSWER Any of the group of a long chain of hydro carbon derived from the
breakdown of fats (through hydrolysis). It has a single carboxylic group and diphatic tail
monosaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest
type of sugar.
disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by
dehydration synthesis.
polysaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
monosaccharides
nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently
bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
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