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HESI Adolescents exam questions and answers
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HESI: Adolescents exam questionsand answers
1. Ashley (11 years) and Mark (12 years) are both considered adolescents.
Adolescence includes three developmental phases: early, middle, and late
adolescence. Ashley and Mark are in which phase of adolescence?
- Early adolescence
- Middle adolescence
- Late adolescence - answer Early adolescence
Maturing females and males 11-14 years of age are considered in early
adolescence. Early adolescence is the beginning of the transition period
between childhood and early adulthood. During adolescence, sexual,
psychological, and social maturation occur gradually. Maturing females
and males 14-17 years of age are considered in middle adolescence.
Maturing females and males ages 17-20 years of age are considered in
late adolescence.
2. Ashley and Mark are prepubescent, meaning that they are:
- beginning to develop physical secondary sex characteristics
- at the peak of achieving mature physical secondary sex characteristics
- sexually mature
- capable of reproduction - answer Beginning to develop physical
secondary sex characteristics
Prepubescent adolescents experience hormonal changes that cause their
reproductive organs to start functioning. Physical maturation is noted in
the beginning development of secondary sex characteristics.
3. Which of the following will be used to assess physical sexual maturity?
- Clinical growth charts for (female and male) children and adolescents
age 2-20 years
- Tanner stages
,- Body surface area (BSA)
- Body mass index (BMI) - answer Tanner stages
Five stages of sexual maturity, as described by Tanner, are useful for
assessing physical sexual maturity. Both Ashley and Mark will be
examined and their stages of sexual maturity, as defined by Tanner, will be
determined.
4. For girls, Tanner's sexual maturity ratings evaluate: (Select 2)
- pubic hair growth and distribution
- breast changes and growth
- onset of menarche
- behavioral changes - answer -Pubic hair growth and distribution
For girls, Tanner's sexual maturity ratings evaluate pubic hair growth and
distribution. The location, density, and coarseness of pubic hair help
define the stage of sexual maturity.
-Breast changes and growth
For girls, Tanner's sexual maturity ratings evaluate breast changes and
growth. Changes in nipples and areola are considered. Changes in breast
size and contour are also evaluated. These changes help define the stage
of sexual maturity.
5. For boys, Tanner's sexual maturity ratings evaluate: (Select 4)
- pubic hair growth and distribution
- onset of seminal emissions
- penis growth and development
- testes growth and development
- scrotum growth and development - answer -Pubic hair growth and
distribution
For boys, Tanner's sexual maturity ratings evaluate pubic hair growth and
distribution. The location, density, and coarseness of pubic hair help
define the stage of sexual maturity.
, -Penis growth and development
The size and shape of the penis are evaluated as part of Tanner staging.
-Testes growth and development
The size and shape of the testes are evaluated as part of Tanner staging.
-Scrotum growth and development
The size and shape of the scrotum, and the color and texture of scrotal
skin, are evaluated as part of Tanner staging.
The ability to ejaculate semen (have seminal emissions) signals male
puberty. However, the ability to have seminal emissions is not considered
for Tanner staging.
6. Referring to Tanner's stages, Ashley's sexual maturity (breasts) is rated
as:
- Tanner Stage 1
- Tanner Stage 2
- Tanner Stage 3
- Tanner Stage 4
- Tanner Stage 5 - answer -Tanner stage 2
Ashley is correctly rated in Tanner Stage 2 for sexual maturity (breasts).
Tanner Stage 2 is the breast bud stage. A small mound of breast tissue is
present. Nipples are elevated. The diameter of each areola is enlarged. As
breast tissue develops, some soreness may be felt.
Tanner Stage 1 is prepubertal. Nipples are present and elevated.
Glandular breast tissue is not present.
Tanner stage 3, breasts are larger and have more elevation. Each areola is
in contour with the breast tissue.
Tanner stage 4, breasts are larger and each areola projects from the
breast contour.
Tanner stage 5, breasts are mature, with nipple projection and some
receding of each areola to the general contour of the breast.
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