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CMB1003 15 Coronavirus Exam With Accurate Solutions
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CMB1003 15 Coronavirus Exam With Accurate SolutionsWhat genus and subfamily are the coronaviruses from? - Answer Family: Coronaviridae
Subfamily: Coronavirinae
What are the 4 genera of coronaviruses and what do they infect? - Answer -
alphacoronavirus (mammalian + human)
- betacoronavirus (mammalian + human)
- deltacoronavirus (mammalian + avian)
- gammacoronavirus (avian)
What are the characters of coronaviruses? - Answer - positive ssRNA (genome can act
as a mRNA)
- enveloped virion
- enveloped proteins
- internal nucleocapsid (genome containing RNP)
What are the structural components of a coronavirus? - Answer - Spike [S] protein binds
to cellular receptor
M protein is important in virion assembly
Nucleoprotein binds and protects RNA genome
E protein [for efficient viral release from cell]
membrane derived from cell
What is the major immunogenic target for current coronavirus vaccines? - Answer Spike
[S] proteins.
, How do the coronaviruses replicate? -Answer- RNA replication and transcription [virally
encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)
replication and assembly in cytosol
buds into the ER/ golgi
exits cells by exocytosis (secreted)
What is the life cycle/replication cycle of coronavirus? -Answer- receptor binding
endocytosis/membrane fusion
translation of the genome
production of viral polymerase complex
replication of genome (cytosolic), transcription/translation of nested mRNAs.
assembly ER/golgi and released
How does viral attachment/entry of coronaviruses work? - Answer - spike protein binds
to ACE2 on cell surface
- TMPRSS2 cleaves the spike protein
- the viral and cellular membranes fuse
What is ACE2? - Answer angiotensin converting enzyme 2
What is TMPRSS2? - Answer Transmembrane protease, serine 2
- a cellular protease
What do coronaviruses cause? - Answer A mild respiratory condition (15-20% of the
common cold).
What are the 3 novel coronaviruses? - Answer - SARS-CoV
- MERS-CoV
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