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Exam (elaborations)

Pediatric GU Practice Questions and Answers

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  • GU Peds

Which condition is appropriate for a previously healthy 10 year old boy who is hospitalized for weight gain over the past several days, generalized edema, and irritability? Nephrotic syndrome - weigh gain over several days preceding presentation, generalized edema and irritability are associated wi...

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  • September 23, 2024
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • GU Peds
  • GU Peds
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Pediatric GU Practice Questions and
Answers
Which condition is appropriate for a previously healthy 10 year old boy who is
hospitalized for weight gain over the past several days, generalized edema, and
irritability? ✅Nephrotic syndrome - weigh gain over several days preceding
presentation, generalized edema and irritability are associated with nephrotic syndrome

In what defect of the genitourinary tract is the meatal opening located on the dorsal
surface of the penis? ✅Epispadias

Which urine test results is appropriate to report to the health care provider? ✅pH of 4 -
expected pH of urine is 4.8-7.8.

Why do children with chronic renal failure have anemia? ✅Decreased erythropoietin -
anemia in children with chronic renal failure is related to decreased production of
erythropoietin. Recombinant human erythropoietin is offered to these children to
eliminate the need for frequent blood transfusions.

Which cause is appropriate when diagnosing acute renal failure in children? ✅Severe
dehydration

What is the current treatment for end-stage renal disease? ✅Dialysis and
transplantation

Which reason is appropriate as to why a child should not hold or wait to urinate who has
been diagnosed with urinary tract infections (UTI)? ✅Increases the chances of another
infection - urinary statis is the most important factor influencing the occurrence of UTI.

Which condition is appropriate for an 8 yr old girl with dehydration who has
demonstrated diminished urine output and lethargy since shortly after undergoing
surgery?
Wilms Tumor
Acute Kidney Injury
Acute glomerulonephritis
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ✅Acute Kidney Injury - a child with dehydration who
experiences diminished urine output and lethargy within a short time especially if in
shock or after surgery is at risk for AKI.

Which condition is appropriate when considering common post infectious renal diseases
in childhood?
Wilms tumor
Nephrotic Syndrome

, Acute Glomerulonephritis
Hemolytic Uremic syndrome ✅Acute Glomerulonephritis
Most common post infectious renal diseases in childhood and one for which a cause
can be established in most cases.

Which test is appropriate when confirming the diagnosis of renal calculi?
Scout film
Renal biopsy
Urine culture
Renal Angiography ✅Scout film
Abdominal x-ray which specifically focus on the kidney, ureters and bladder, used to
detect calculi or opaque foreign bodies in the bladder

Which findings are appropriate when observing the child in the acute phase of acute
glomerulonephritis?
Hematuria and ketones
Hematuria and proteinuria
Increased serum complement
positive cultures of the pharynx for streptococci ✅Hematuria and proteinuria

Which nursing explanation is appropriate when parents ask the reasoning for the child's
medications of prednisone, tacrolimus and mycophenolate for a kidney transplant?
Decrease pain
Boost immunity
Suppress rejection
Improve circulation to the kidney ✅Suppress Rejection

Which urine test of urinary system function is appropriate to visualize the renal vascular
system?
Urodynamics
Specific Gravity
Renal Angiography
Retrograde Pyelography ✅Renal Angiography

Which lab test is used to visualize the renal vascular system in the diagnosis of renal
arterial stenosis?
Renal biopsy
urodynamics
Renal Angiography
Retrograde pyelography ✅Renal Angiography

Which clinical manifestations are appropriate with the diagnosis of acute
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Edema, increased urine volume, Hypotention
Edema, decreased urine volume, hypotension

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