Week 3: Citizenship and Inequality
Friday, 6 October 2023
15:13
Part 1: Introduction to inequality and Citizenship
Citizenship as inclusion/exclusion; status/identity; equal/unequal
Marshall's theory of citizenship
Citizenship is the idea of 'inclusion that relentlessly produces exclusion'
Citizenship debate
Produces or increases inequality
Co-exists (does both)
Inheritance - born into
T.H Marshall - citizenship is a status bestowed on those who are full members of a
community. All who possess the status are equal with respect to the rights and duties
with which the status endowed" "social class, on the other hand, is a system of
inequality"
Classism - enforces inequality
Reflected in Korean dramas
Poorer people, have to survive
Citizenship by Marshall - aimed to overcome the social inequalities that citizenship had
Important critiques on citizenship that cause social inequalities (emphasise on class)
Nation-state - provides the help to citizens/provide laws to protect citizens
Key Critiques:
Status and class as the measure of inequality - access is not a given
Social class an obstruction to equality
Citizenship is key to the redistribution of resources and would help mitigate the
inequalities of social class and provide the basis for solidarity through common
membership
Democracy v capitalism
Historical critique
Marshall's thesis:
Context: history of England
Divorced rights
Trade-off in rights e.g. social
Timeline: a cumulation of rights i.e. Welfare state
Institutions
Cumulative rights:
18th century - civil rights
19th rights - political rights
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