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The Watergate Scandal - IGCSE Edexcel History Exam Questions and Answers
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The Watergate Scandal - IGCSE EdexcelHistory Exam Questions and Answers
President Nixon - Correct Answers -1969-1974, Republican. Won a seat in Senate in
1950, making a name for himself in the McCarthy communist witch hunts. He died in
1994.
CREEP (Committee to Re-elect the President) - Correct Answers -Richard Nixon's
Committee for Re-electing the President. Found to have been engaged in a "dirty tricks"
campaign against the democrats in 1972. it was led by John Mitchell, a close adviser to
Nixon, who was encouraged to use any tactics to ensure Nixon's re-election. They
raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. They were
involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up.
White House Plumbers - Correct Answers -1971 - New York Times published an article
about the Vietnam War based on a series of secret documents called the Pentagon
Papers. These documents contained confidential information leaked by Daniel Ellsberg.
The documents were not personally damaging to Nixon but it increased his suspicion
and made him worry about what else might be revealed.
The White House Plumbers were set up to prevent more leaks of sensitive information.
Their first task was to 'bring down' David Ellsberg. In September of 1971 the group
broke into the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist looking for information to discredit him.
Despite not finding anything, the break in showed that the Plumbers were prepared to
go to extreme lengths.
CREEP (II) - Correct Answers -The group worked to raise funds for the campaign and
pay for the White House Plumbers to spy on potential opponents and damage their
reputation. Several people hoping to run for Democratic presidential candidate were
disgraced e.g. the plumbers persuaded a newspaper to publish damaging stories about
Edmund Muskie's wife which led him to lose the Democratic primaries.
On 17th June 1972, five men were arrested after breaking into the National Democratic
Committee in the Watergate complex in Washington. They were caught in the act of
repairing a bugging device which had been installed during a previous break in on the
28th May
The role of the Washington Post in the scandal - Correct Answers -The break-in did not
initially receive much attention from the press but Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein
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