Exam (elaborations)
A&P 2 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION - UTA POLLOCK (IMMUNE, RESPIRATORY, DIGESTIVE, NUTRITION) 2024/2025
A&P 2 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION - UTA POLLOCK (IMMUNE, RESPIRATORY, DIGESTIVE, NUTRITION) 2024/2025
primary immune organs - Correct Answer Bone marrow - Immune cell production, B cell maturation
Thymus - T cell maturation
Secondary immune - Correct Answer •Sites where most ...
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primary immune organs
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neutrophils
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A&P 2 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION - UTA POLLOCK (IMMUNE,
RESPIRATORY, DIGESTIVE, NUTRITION) 2024/2025
primary immune organs - Correct Answer Bone marrow - Immune cell production, B cell maturation
Thymus - T cell maturation
Secondary immune - Correct Answer •Sites where most immune responses occur.
•Nodes = focus on lymph
•Spleen = focus on blood
•Tonsils = focus on respiratory tract & pharynx
Appendix & Peyer's Patches = focus on GI tract
Neutrophils - Correct Answer •Phagocytosis.
•Respond quickest to bacterial infection.
Eosinophils - Correct Answer •Attack endoparasites.
Contribute to allergic reactions
basophils - Correct Answer •Release pro-inflammatory chemicals.
•Contribute to allergic reactions.
monocytes - Correct Answer •Differentiate into macrophages.
•Can be wandering or fixed.
Lymphocytes - Correct Answer •B cells, T cells, memory T & B cells
•B = antibodies
•T = helper, regulatory, cytotoxic
Mast cells - Correct Answer •Release pro-inflammatory chemicals.
•Contribute to allergic reactions.
,dendritic cells - Correct Answer antigen-presenting cells
natural killer cells (NK cells) - Correct Answer play an important role in the killing of cancer cells and
cells infected by viruses
innate immunity - Correct Answer •Non-specific
•Immediate response (1st and 2nd lines)
•No immunological memory
-first and second line of defense to stop pathogens
adaptive immunity - Correct Answer •Antigen-specific
•Lag time from exposure to response (3rd line)
•Immunological memory after exposure
•Systemic response
surface barriers - Correct Answer •Skin
•Mucous Membranes
•Hairs and Cilia
•Secretions
internal barriers - Correct Answer •Antimicrobial substances
•Granulocytes
•Macrophages
•NK Cells
•Inflammation
•Fever
cell-mediated immunity - Correct Answer •Cytotoxic T Cells
•Immunity to intracellular bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa
, humoral immunity - Correct Answer •B Cells/Plasma Cells
•Immunity to extracellular bacteria, viruses, and toxins
toll like receptors (TLRs) - Correct Answer most INNATE cells utilize these and they identify/bind
tightly to PAMPs
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) - Correct Answer help the innate immune system
recognize pathogens and bind to TLRs
How many TLR types - Correct Answer 11
Macrophages - Correct Answer develop from monocytes, are the largest leukocytes and primary
phagocytic cells
free macrophages - Correct Answer wander through tissue spaces
fixed macrophages - Correct Answer residents in tissues and organs
AIDD - Correct Answer Adherence
Ingestion
Digestion
Destruction
Antigen presenting cells - Correct Answer dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells
antigen presenting cells - Correct Answer insert digested pieces of the pathogen into specific
membrane proteins for presenting to/activation of other immune cells
respiratory burst - Correct Answer Helper T cells cause release of enzymes in macrophages which kill
pathogens resistant to lysosomal enzymes
natural killer cells (NK cells) - Correct Answer -Nonphagocytic, large granular lymphocytes that police
blood and lymph