Essay
AC1.3 Explain the Consequences of Unreported Crime.
Criminology- AC1.3 Explain the Consequences of Unreported Crime. These are the notes taken into the 8 hour Unit 1 exam.
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AC1.3 Explain the Consequences of Unreported CrimeRipple Effect
Must provide an example of a crime can occur in a ripple effect e.g. Domestic Violence or Hate Crime
The Ripple Effect describes how the impact/s of a crime can spread beyond the immediate victim. The
analogy is this idea of a pebble being dropped into a pool of water, and it creates ripples spreading out
across the surface. The pebble represents an unreported crime and shows that this unreported crime
may not just affect the primary victim but will spread across society/ the whole community
(represented by the ripple) and affect secondary victims. An example of a crime that can occur in a
ripple effect is domestic abuse. Often abusers are abused themselves as children or have witnessed the
abuse of parents as children. This crime may appear acceptable to them if it goes unreported and
becomes normalised within that household/ family. Because of this, children from the family are likely
to act similarly to the adults as it has been seen as acceptable. Furthermore, other family members or
neighbours can be impacted as they may witness or hear incidents of domestic violence. Work
colleagues may become secondary victims if the primary victim starts to not attend work regularly,
whilst friends are likely to become distressed or worried about the violence. Another example of the
ripple effect in a crime is fights happening in the same area. If fights continuously occur in the same
area, outsiders will be deterred from visiting and the community will be given a bad reputation. This
affects businesses and shops in the area which may lose money due to fewer customers as people
aren't going there as they may be scared to leave their homes. Members of the community are also
affected as they will be constantly hearing fights or anti-social behaviour whilst trying to enjoy a night
in. Additionally, this could have a knock-on effect onto the children hearing this behaviour regularly so
may see it as normal, acceptable actions and then go on to do it themselves.
Cultural Consequences
Must provide an example of a crime that shows cultural differences e.g. Witchcraft or Female Genital
Mutilation
This is when something may be legal in one country and not in another. Some people turn a blind eye
to customs they find alien to their own and may feel as though it isn't their place to interfere, which
leads to them being unreported. If crimes go unreported, it can lead to the suffering of a whole area
and cause worser crimes- generally if the culture of an area worsens, so do the crimes.
An example of a crime that shows cultural differences is FGM (female genital mutilation). This is a
traditional practice in some cultures and is illegal in the UK and many other countries. Although it does
exist in some minority cultures in the UK, as more than 20,000 girls a year are thought to be at risk of
FGM in the UK. Medical groups Comer trade unions and human rights organisations estimate that there
are 66,000 victims of this practice in England and Wales. This crime may go unreported as it isn't
known about beyond the members of that community (who are likely in support of it) and is done in
secret. However some members of these communities have spoken out against FGM and claimed it to
be a violation of women's human rights. Furthermore, professionals such as teachers and doctors are
expected to be vigilant and identify any people at risk by recognising any suspicions regarding female
genital mutilation.
Read the following articles:
https://yougov.co.uk/topics/politics/articles-reports/2018/11/02/crime-what-should-police-prioritise
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/nov/01/the-guardian-view-on-police-priorities-they-
cant-do-more-with-less Give examples of crimes that have more priority than others, think about
severe crimes and petty crimes.
Police Prioritisation
This is when police prioritise certain crimes, reasons why they do this may be:
– There is a local concern- police prioritise certain crimes if there is a local concern about
something such as a spate of car theft or burglaries
– They only have limited resources such as funding, staff and time
– If the Home Office has asked them to focus on certain crimes such as gang crime or knife crime
– Some crimes may not be prioritised if they are difficult to prosecute and lack witnesses such as
historic child abuse or rape.
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