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Physical Anthropology Final Exam questions well answered
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Physical Anthropology Final ExamWhat is important about Lucy? - correct answer ✔✔Australopithecus Afarensis, 40% complete, bipedal
adult female, 3.5 ft tall, 65 pounds, approximately 25
Oldowan Tool Complex - correct answer ✔✔the stone tool culture associated with H. habilis and possibly
A. garhi, primitive chopper tools
late Pleistocene: 2.5 mya - correct answer ✔✔What is the oldest date for Oldowan tools?
1. Bipedal Locomotion
2. Nonhoning Chewing - correct answer ✔✔What are two defining characteristics of a hominid?
1. Charles Darawin's Hunting hypothesis
2. Peter Rodman and Henry McHenry's Patch Forest Hypothesis
3. Owen Lovejoy's Provisioning Hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔What are the 3 hypotheses associated
with the emergence of hominids?
exposure to predators, back injury, burden on the circulatory system, injury reduces ability to walk -
correct answer ✔✔What are some of the costs of bipedalism?
increased ability to see greater distances, greater ease of transporting food and children, ability to run
long distances, freeing of hands for skills and activities as tool manufacture and used - correct answer
✔✔What are some of the benefits of bipedalism?
Pre-Australopithecines, 4-7 mya - correct answer ✔✔What is the grouping of fossils that are considered
to be the first hominids called and their date range?
4-1 mya - correct answer ✔✔What is the date range for the grouping of fossils referred to as
Australopithecines?
, All potential ancestors of us - correct answer ✔✔What is important about Ardipithecus ramidus,
Australopithecus anamensis, Australopithecus afarensis, Australopithecus garhi, and Homo Habilis?
expresses both Australopithecus and Homo traits - correct answer ✔✔What is significant about
Australopithecus sediba?
the ridge of bone located at the sagittal suture along the midline of the cranium - correct answer
✔✔What is a sagittal crest?
by the masticatory muscles, the muscle, when oriented to the top of the cranium; has to do with
chewing - correct answer ✔✔How is a sagittal crest formed?
Robust Australopithecines - correct answer ✔✔Which group of fossils have a sagittal crest?
"Handy man": 2.5-1.8 mya: small chewing muscles, smaller teeth, increase in brain size (characteristics
foreshadowed Homo Sapiens): characterized by the Oldowan tool tradition - correct answer
✔✔Distinguishing characteristics of Homo habilis
smaller tooth size, increased brain size, large browridge, long and low skull, short arms, long legs, fully
modern stride - correct answer ✔✔Distinguishing characteristics of Homo Erectus
1.8- 0.3 mya - correct answer ✔✔H. Erectus date range in Asia and Africa
1.2 mya - 400,000 yBp - correct answer ✔✔H. Erectus date range in Europe
650 cc - correct answer ✔✔What is the average H. habilis brain size?
950 cc - correct answer ✔✔What is the average H. erectus brain size?
Africa, then Asia and Europe - correct answer ✔✔Where are the Homo erectus fossils found
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