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Food technology 1 exam with correct answers
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Food technology 1 exam with correct answers
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Food technology 1 exam with correctanswers
What is food technology? - Correct Answers -- Study of how different foods can be used
and made into food products from production to consumption
- Alternate: Application of food science to the selection, preservation, processing,
packaging, distribution, and use of safe, nutritious, and wholesome food.
What are the components of food science? (6) - Correct Answers -- Microbiology
- Chemistry
- Diet and nutrition
- Engineering
- Physics
- Biology
What aspects/stages of food production are influenced by food science - Correct
Answers -Stages
- Production.
- Processing.
- Preservation.
- Packaging.
Aspects
- Safety.
- Quality.
- Distribution/Logistics.
- Preparation.
- Health.
What is the aim of food preservation and processing? (3) - Correct Answers -- To
ensure food safety at all stages of food industry
- Food preservation: minimise microorganisms growth during storage, increasing shelf
life and reduced food consumption hazards
- Food processing: employ methods or techniques minimise microorganisms growth
when transforming raw materials into food
, What is the role of the vet in food preservation and processing? (3) - Correct Answers --
Inspection of animal origin food establishments. (processing)
- Microbiological testing (processing and preservation)
- Enforce legislation (processing and preservation)
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting microbial
behaviour in food? - Correct Answers -- Intrinsic: characteristics of food
- Extrinsic: environmental factors
What are the main intrinsic factors affecting microbial behaviour in foods? (6) - Correct
Answers -- Nutrient availability/content
- pH change and buffering capacity
- Redox potential and poising capacity
- Antimicrobials (naturally occurring)
- Food matrix - water activity
- Mechanical barriers to microbial invasion
How does nutrient availability/content affect microbial behaviour in foods? (6) - Correct
Answers -Microorganisms need the following nutrients to grow:
- Water (moulds> Gram -ve> yeasts> Gram+ve)
- Energy (sugars, alcohols, AAs, starch, cellulose, +/- fat)
- Nitrogen (AAs, other nitrogenous compounds)
- Vitamins and related growth factors.
- Minerals.
Available in various amounts in foods
How do natural antimicrobial substances affect microbial behaviour in foods? (3) -
Correct Answers -Examples of natural antimicrobial substances
Essential oils (some plant species)
- Eugenol in cloves, allicin in garlic.
Cow's milk
- lactoferrin, conglutinin, lactoperoxidase system, rotavirus inhibitor, lyzozyme
Eggs
- Lyzozyme
All impair microbial growth
How does pH affect microbial behaviour in foods? (3) - Correct Answers -- Most
microorganism grow optimally at pH 6.6-7.5 (7.0)
- Foods can have inherent or biological acidity (pH 4.0) limits this
- Buffered foods can resist changes in pH well e.g. meat>vegetables due to protein
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