Lecture notes
Errors in DNA replication - gene mutations
- Module
- 9BN0
- Institution
- PEARSON (PEARSON)
A summary of gene mutations
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Errors in DNA replication - gene mutationsGene mutations can occur during transcription. A mutation is a change in the number of
sequence of bases in a gene. During any stage when the genetic code is copied, mistakes
can be made in the new base sequence formed. These are defined as mutations. Some
mutations have no effect on the organism as large parts of DNA are not involved in protein
synthesis or due to the nature of the genetic code (triplet code, non-overlapping, and
degenerate). As the genetic code is degenerate, many codons can code for the same
protein. However, some mutations cause a genetic disorder when a new base triplet is
created that codes for a different amino acid or a stop signal resulting in a non-functioning
protein. This can cause genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis.
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a single base substitution.
Cystic fibrosis can be caused by different types of mutation. CTFR stands for Cystic
Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (channel protein). The CTFR protein is
found in the cell membrane and functions as a channel for the movement of chloride ions in
and out of epithelial cells. This is important for the salt and water regulation on epithelial
surfaces of organs, such as in the lungs or digestive system. Changes in the CTFR gene
can affect the structure and function of the CTFR protein.
Hundreds of different mutations can give rise to cystic fibrosis. The most common is a
deletion of three nucleotides. This causes the amino acid phenylalanine to be lost from the
primary structure, the protein does not fold correctly and lose it's function.
its
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller sophie69. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £7.16. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83662 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now