Water pollution correct answers any chemical, biological, or physical change in water quality that harms living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired uses.
Nonpoint sources correct answers broad, and diffuse areas, rather than points, from which pollutants enter bodies of surface water...
Chapter 20 APES || with 100% Error-free Answers.
Water pollution correct answers any chemical, biological, or physical change in water quality
that harms living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired uses.
Nonpoint sources correct answers broad, and diffuse areas, rather than points, from which
pollutants enter bodies of surface water or air.
Point sources correct answers discharge pollutants at specific locations through drain pipes,
ditches, or sewer lines into bodies of surface water
Agricultural Activities correct answers By far the leading cause of water pollution. Sediment
eroded from agricultural lands is the largest source. Other major agrarian pollutants include:
fertilizers, pesticides, bacteria from livestock and food processing wastes, and excess salt from
soils of irrigated cropland.
Industrial Facilities correct answers Emit a variety of harmful inorganic and organic chemicals;
second major source of water pollution
Mining correct answers Third largest source of water pollution; surface mining disturbs land,
creates major erosion of sediments and runoff of toxic chemicals
Parking Lots correct answers Nonpoint source of pollution for rivers; disturb the water cycle.
Plastics correct answers New form of water pollution when discarded improperly, can harm
wildlife
Climate Change correct answers Will change distribution of water
The WHO estimates.. correct answers That 3.2M people--most of which are children under five--
die each year from infectious diseases they get from drinking contaminated water or by not
having clean water for adequate hygiene. 1.2B don't have access to clean water. 1.9M die from
diarrhea each year--90% under age 5.
Infectious Agents correct answers Cause disease
Oxygen Demanding Wastes correct answers Deplete dissolved oxygen needed by aquatic species
Plant Nutrients correct answers Cause excessive growth of algae and other species
Organic and Inorganic Chemicals correct answers Add toxins to aquatic systems
Sediments correct answers Disrupt photosynthesis, food webs and other processes
Heavy Metals correct answers Cause cancer, disrupt immune and endocrine systems
, Thermal correct answers Make some species vulnerable to disease
Oxygen Sag Curve correct answers Created when, in a flowing stream, the breakdown of
biodegradable wastes by bacteria depeltes oxygen; this reduces or eliminates populations of
organisms with high oxygen requirements until the stream is cleansed of oxygen demanding
wastes
Ohio's Cuyahoga River correct answers Became so polluted with flammable chemicals that it
caught fire a few times in the 1950s and 1960s as it flowed through Cleveland. A photo of one of
these river fires had much publicity and lead to the creating of laws that limited industrial waste
and encouraged better sewage facilities
Thames River correct answers In Britain, since 1950s has made a remarkable recovery and is no
longer basically a sewer
Causes of stream pollution correct answers mining wastes from abandoned underground mines,
malfunctioning sewage treatment plants, nonpoint runoff of pesticides and excess plant nutrients
from cropland and animal feedlots
Lakes and reservoirs are less effective at diliuting pollutants than streams b/c correct answers
Lakes and reservoirs contain stratified layers that undergo vertical mixing and they have little to
no flow
Eutrophication correct answers the name given to the natural nutrient enrichment of a shallow
lake, estuary, or slow-moving stream, mostly from runoff of plant nutrients such as nitrates and
phosphates from surrounding land.
Oligotrophic lake correct answers low in nutrients with clear water
Cultural eutrophication correct answers Near urban or agricultural areas, human activities can
greatly accelerate the input of plant nutrients to a lake—a process called cultural eutrophication
involving mostly nitrate- and phosphate-containing effluents from various sources
According to the EPA correct answers 1/3 of the 100K medium to large lakes and 85% of large
lakes between US population centers have some degree of cultural eutrophication
Lessons of Lake Washington correct answers 1) Severe water pollution can be reduced in a fairly
short time, if pollutant inputs are sharply reduced 2) Citizen action combined with scientific
research works 3) Even good solutions to environmental problems can't work indefinitely if we
keep overwhelming the natural systems involved.
The Great Lakes correct answers Contain 95% of the fresh surface water in the US and 1/5 of the
world's fresh surface water; experiences many pollution problems--the most intense occur at
Lake Erie
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