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MIC 205 Exam 1/81 Correct Questions with Answers
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- MIC 205 Exam 1/81 Correct Questions With Answers
MIC 205 Exam 1/81 Correct Questions with Answers
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MIC 205 Exam 1/81 Correct Questions withAnswers
Van Leeuwenhoek - - -
- Robert Koch - - *German microbiologist who isolated, cultured and
identified:
- Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholera
*KOCH'S POSTULATE: To establish that an organism is the cause of a
disease, it must be:
- found in all cases of the disease examined
- prepared and maintained in a pure culture
- capable of producing the original infection, even after several generations
in culture
- retrievable from an inoculated animal and cultured again
- Pasture - - -
- Alexander Fleming - - *Antibiotics
- Edward Jenner - - *Vaccines
*English Doctor
*Demonstrated that if you infected people with
cowpox (Vaccinia virus) they did not get smallpox
- Hooke's Observation of Cork - - 1665: Hooke makes first observation of a
cell, the smallest unit of life
• Hooke thought the individual units looked like monks' quarters, which were
called cells
- Bacteria - - *Prokaryotic cell structure, including a nucleoid; no membrane-
bound organelles.
*Ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences that are unique to this group.
*Unicellular
*Cell wall contains peptidoglycan
- Archaea - - *Prokaryotic cell structure, including a nucleoid; no membrane
bound organelles.
*Ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences that are unique to this group.
*Unicellular
*No peptidoglycan
- Eukarya - - *Eukaryotic cell structure, including a nucleus and other
membrane bound organelles.
*Ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences that are unique to this group.
, *Unicellular or multicellular.
*No peptidoglycan
- Shapes - - -Bacillus (rod)
-Coccus (spherical)
-Spiral (one or more twists)
-pleomorphic (many shapes)
- Arrangement - - -chains (streptococci, streptobacilli)
-clusters (staphylococci) -pairs (diplococci, diplobacilli)
-groups of four (tetrads) -cubes (sarcinae)
- Typical shapes of Bacteria - - -Irregular (archae)
-Coccus
-Curved (Vibrio, Spirillum, Spirochete)
- Membranes Separate - - • Life is order is chaos
- The second law of thermodynamic states that entropy (disorder) is always
increasing
• Life evolved in and requires a water (aqueous)
environment
• Membranes keep the ordered environment of
the cell separated from the outside
• Cells must use energy to maintain order
- Gram-negative - -
- Gram-positive - -
- Facilitated Diffusion - - Transporter allows a substance to moce across the
membrane, but only down its concentration gradient
- Active transport - - Using proton motive force as an energy source.
-can use atp as an energy source. A binding protein gathers the transported
molecules
-transports some sugars, amino acids, organic acids, inorganic ions.
- Passive transport - - *High concentration to low concentration
*Does not require energy
-Simple diffusion
-facilitated diffusion through nonspecific transporter
-Facilitated diffusion through a specific transporter
-Osmosis
- Group translocation - - Transporters chemically alter the substance as it is
transported across the membrane.
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