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Biology 20 Unit C Exam Questions And Correct Answers Latest Update
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Biology 20 Unit C Exam Questions And CorrectAnswers Latest Update
ADP - Answer Adenosine Diphosphate is a chemical that plays an important role in
energy transfer
Aerobic Respiration - Answer Respiration in which oxygen is consumed and glucose is
broken down entirely; water, carbon dioxide, and large amounts of ATP are the final
products
Anaerobic Respiration - Answer Respiration if oxygen is not present.
When cells do not have enough oxygen for cellular respiration they undergo this
reaction.
ATP- Answer adenosine triphosphate main energy source that cells use for most of their
work
Calvin-benson cycle- Answer Light-independent reactions of photosynthesis cyclic
pathway that forms glucose or carbohydrates from CO2
Carotenoids- Answer An accessory pigment, either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts
of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, carotenoids
broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
cell wall - Answer A layer, variously organized, outside the plasma membrane in plant
cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists. In plant cells, it is a rigid structure containing
cellulose fibers embedded in a polysaccharide-protein matrix. The primary cell wall is
thin and flexible; the secondary cell wall is thicker and more rigid and forms the bulk of
wood.
, Cellular Respiration- The process in which energy is released when glucose and other
food molecules are broken down in the presence of oxygen.
Centrosome- An organelle in the cytoplasm of animal cells where microtubules are
produced during cell division. It has two centrioles.
Chemiosmosis- Answer The process by which ATP is produces from the flow of protons
through an ATP-sythase channel in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during
the light reactions of photosynthesis and in the cristae membrane if the mitochondria
during cell respiration
Chlorophyll- Answer A green photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants,
algae, and some bacteria.
Chloroplast -A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms by which
energy from sunlight is captured and converted into food.
Chromatin -The complex of DNA and proteins that comprises eukaryotic chromosomes.
In cells that are not dividing, chromatin exists in its dispersed form, as a mass of very
long, thin fibers that cannot be seen under the light microscope.
Chromatography Answer A process in which a chemical mixture that is carried by a
liquid or gas is separated into components due to differential distribution of the solutes
as they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase
Concentration Gradient - Answer The formal definition of a concentration gradient is the
process of particles, sometimes referred to as solutes that move through a solution or a
gas from an area with a greater number of particles to an area that has a lower number
of particles. The areas are usually separated by a membrane.
Cytoplasm - Answer the substance or protoplasm within a living cell, except for the
nucleus.
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