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SCHIZOPHRENIA PSYCHOLOGY AQA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED RATED A++ £8.89   Add to cart

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SCHIZOPHRENIA PSYCHOLOGY AQA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED RATED A++

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SCHIZOPHRENIA PSYCHOLOGY AQA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED RATED A++ Inter-rater reliability Two or more health professionals come to the same diagnosis Criterion Validity Different methods of assessment come to the same diagnosis Co-morbidity Two or more condi...

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  • September 28, 2024
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SCHIZOPHRENIA PSYCHOLOGY AQA EXAM

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE

SOLUTIONS VERIFIED RATED A++


Inter-rater reliability


Two or more health professionals come to the same diagnosis


Criterion Validity


Different methods of assessment come to the same diagnosis


Co-morbidity


Two or more conditions occur simultaneously


Symptom overlap


The same symptoms occur within different conditions


Cheniaux et al (2009)


Two psychiatrists independently diagnosed 100 patients using two different assessments


Buckley et al (2009)


Investigated those with schizophrenia and found they were likely to also suffer from another condition


Gottesman (1991)

,Schizophrenia runs in families. Probability of schizophrenia = 48% between MZ twins, 46% if both

parents had it and 10% between DZ twins.


Tienari et al (2004)


Children adopted from 19,000 Finnish mothers at birth. More likely to develop schizophrenia when

biological relatives had it, but not when adoptive parents did. High EE levels also implicated in

development, but only for those with a genetic risk.


Ripke et al (2014)


Meta-analysis of genome studies. Genetic make-up of 37,000 patients compared to 113,000 controls -

108 candidate genes associated with increased risk of schizophrenia


Hyperdopaminergia


High levels of dopamine in the brain's subcortex


Hypodopaminergia


Low levels of dopamine in the brain's cortex


Curran et al (2004)


Drugs that increase levels of dopamine made schizophrenia worse and induce schizophrenia like

symptoms in non-schizophrenics


Goldman-Rakik et al (2004)


Low levels of dopamine in prefrontal cortex thought to have a role in causing negative symptoms of

schizophrenia


Moghaddam and Javitt (2012)

, High levels of glutamate contibute to symptoms of schizophrenia. The dopamine hypothesis is

reductionist as it doesn't consider other neurotransmitters


Neural Correlates


Patterns of structure or activity in the brain that occur in conjunction with an experience


Allen et al (2007)


Participants listened to recordings of speech and had to identify if it was their own or not. MRI's used to

scan brain.


Allen et al (2007)


Hallucinating schizophrenics made more errors in voice recognition and showed lower levels of activity

in the superior temporal gyrus and the anterior cingulate gyrus compared to controls


Juckel et al (2006)


Conducted a study involving reward anticipation on 10 schizophrenic males and a matched control

group.


Juckel et al (2006)


Found healthy males had higher levels of activity in the ventral striatum (involved in reward anticipation)

than those who were schizophrenic. The lower the activity the worse the symptoms of schizophrenia.


Liu and de Haan (2009)


Typical prescribed dose of Chlorpromazine had declined in the past 50 years.


Typical anti-psychotics


Used since the 1950's. Includes Chlorpromazine

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