TASC Science: Biology || with 100% Errorless Solutions.
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Module
TASC Science: Biology
Institution
TASC Science: Biology
What are the four basic molecules of life? correct answers 1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
What is DNA and why is it important? correct answers DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid, created molecule codes for amino acid sequences. It essentially tells amino acid w...
TASC Science: Biology || with 100% Errorless Solutions.
What are the four basic molecules of life? correct answers 1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
What is DNA and why is it important? correct answers DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic
acid, created molecule codes for amino acid sequences. It essentially tells amino acid what
pattern to make for specific organs. DNA also makes up protein
What are amino acids? correct answers The building blocks of proteins that join together to make
specific tissues and organs. Ex- eyes, stomach, muscle
What is homeostasis? correct answers The body's way of keeping itself stable and functioning.
For example, when one exercises, CO2 builds up in our muscles. To keep the O2 balance stable,
our heart pumps more blood and out breathing gets heavier to expel the CO2
Another example is how plants open and close their stomata to adjust gas/moisture in its leaves
What are the levels of organisation in an organism's body? correct answers 1. Organism (ex-
human)
2. Organ system (ex- respiratory- trachea, lungs, nose)
3. Organ (ex- stomach)
4. Tissue (ex-muscle)
5. Cell
6. Organelle (ex- mitochondria)
7. Molecule
8. Atom
What was earth's atmosphere made up of 3.5 billion years ago, around the time life came into
existence? correct answers 1. CO2
2 Ammonia
3. Methane
4. Water
Today it is made up mostly of oxygen and nitrogen
What is the Hot Tin Soup experiment? correct answers Scientists mixed the four basic
atmospheric gases in a controlled environment in addition to synthesised UV rays (sunlight) and
lightening strikes (electricity) and found that eventually the four molecules formed
macromolecules needed to form cells. This eventually gave way to the creation of cells
What are heterotrophs? correct answers Heterotrophs were the first life forms on earth, which
survived by consuming organic material. They are extremely basic organisms that are anaerobic,
meaning that they don't need oxygen to survive.
, What are autotrophs? correct answers Autotrophs evolved from heterotrophs. Autotrophs use
photosynthesis to create their own food using CO2.
Autotrophs created oxygen; because of this, a lot of heterotrophs died out since they were not
accustomed to O2 in the atmosphere.
What is photosynthesis and how does it work? correct answers Photosynthesis is the process by
which autotrophs such as plants make their own food.
Energy is taken from the sun along with CO2 and H2O to produce O2 and glucose, a basic sugar.
CO2, H and O2 are stored as glucose for the plant to use later, which sunlight is stored as
chemical energy in the glucose molecules.
Glucose can then be converted to starch
What is the chemical formula for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? correct answers
Photosynthesis:
Sunlight + 6CO(2) + 6H(2)O ---> 6O(2) + C(6)H(12)O(6)
Cellular respiration:
6O(2) + C(6)H(12)O(6) ---> Heat Energy + 6CO(2) + 6H(2)O
They are the same, but reversed and sunlight is switched out for heat energy
How does cellular respiration work? correct answers Cellular respiration is the process in which
animals convert simple sugars and complex starches into glucose (energy) and ATP through an
aerobic process, or with the help of O2.
What is ATP and why is it important? correct answers ATP, or adenosine triphosphate stores
energy in cells with the help of O2 so animals have energy when they need it.
If there is no O2, ATP cannot be made by the body and the organism will die quickly
What is an ecosystem and how do they function? correct answers An ecosystem is a community
of organisms interacting with one another within a particular environment.
Take for example the food chain, which is the other in which animals eat one another from
autotrophs to prey to predator.
Ex- Grass-->Rabbit-->Wolf
What is a food web? correct answers A graph that shows the transfer of energy and what eats
what. Though the conservation of energy is apparent it is not clearly shown or explained.
What is an energy pyramid? correct answers An energy pyramid shows the transfer of energy
from the producers (at the bottom), which have the most energy to the tertiary consumers who
get the least energy.
What impact do humans have on the food chain and the ecosystem? correct answers 1. Reducing
animal territories
2. Competition for territory/food
3. Extinction of animals
4. Invasive species
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