A nurse is caring for a client who is to be provided nutrition intravenously for a short duration following a tracheostomy. Which intravenous solution needs to be administered to this client?
A) Lipid emulsion
B) Crystalloid solution
C) Colloid solution
D) Plasma expanders correct answers B) ...
a nurse is caring for a client who is to be provid
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BNS (VNSG 1323) CH. 16 STUDY QUESTIONS || Already
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A nurse is caring for a client who is to be provided nutrition intravenously for a short duration
following a tracheostomy. Which intravenous solution needs to be administered to this client?
A) Lipid emulsion
B) Crystalloid solution
C) Colloid solution
D) Plasma expanders correct answers B) Crystalloid solution
Crystalloid solutions are to be administered to the client. The crystalloid solutions can be
classified as isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic. Isotonic solutions are generally administered to
maintain fluid balance in clients who may not be able to eat or drink for a short period. Lipid
emulsions are administered when the client is severely malnourished and may not be able to
consume food for a long period. In this case, lipid emulsion is not necessary because the client
will not be able to take food for a short period. In addition, there is a risk of adverse reaction in
clients while administering lipid emulsion. Colloid solutions are used to replace circulating blood
volume because the suspended molecules pull fluid from other compartments. Plasma expanders
are used as economical and virus-free substitutes for blood and blood products when treating
hypovolemic shock.
A client who is admitted to the health care facility has been diagnosed with cerebral edema.
Which intravenous solution needs to be administered to this client?
A) Hypotonic solution
B) Colloid solution
C) Hypertonic solution
D) Isotonic solution correct answers C) Hypertonic solution
Hypertonic solutions are used in extreme cases when it is necessary to reduce cerebral edema or
to expand the circulatory volume rapidly because it is more concentrated than body fluid and
draws cellular and interstitial water into the intravascular compartment. Hypotonic solutions are
administered to clients with fluid losses in excess of fluid intake, such as those who have
diarrhea or vomiting. Isotonic solution is generally administered to maintain fluid balance in
clients who may not be able to eat or drink for a short period. Colloid solutions are used to
replace circulating blood volume because the suspended molecules pull fluid from other
compartments. However, these solutions are not related to clients with cerebral edema.
A nurse uses an infusion pump to administer the IV solution to a client. The nurse is aware that
an infusion pump adjusts the pressure according to the resistance it meets and there is a
possibility that the needle may get displaced. How would a change in the needle's position affect
the infusion pump?
A) The pump will continue to infuse fluid even when the needle is displaced.
, B) The pump compresses the tubing to infuse the solution at a precise, preset, rate.
C) The pump will sound an audible and visual alarm warning the nurse of the situation.
D) The pump stops pushing the fluid in the client's vein when the needle is displaced correct
answers A) The pump will continue to infuse fluid even when the needle is displaced.
The nurse should be aware that an infusion pump continues to infuse fluid even when the needle
is displaced. The pump continues to infuse fluid into the tissue until the machine's maximum
preset pressure reaches it's limit. The infusion pump adjusts the pressure according to the
resistance it meets. The pump does not compress the tubing to infuse the solution at a precise,
preset rate, which is done by a volumetric controller. An electric infusion device would sound an
audible alarm if the infusion container is empty, air is detected in the tubing, or resistance is met
in delivering the fluid. The infusion pump does not stop pushing the fluid in the client's vein
when the needle becomes displaced.
During a blood transfusion of a client, the nurse observes the appearance of rash and flushing in
the client, although the vital signs are stable. Which intervention should the nurse perform for
this client first?
A) Stop the transfusion immediately.
B) Prepare to give an antihistamine
C) Infuse saline at a rapid rate
D) Administer oxygen correct answers A) Stop the transfusion immediately.
The nurse needs to stop the transfusion immediately. The nurse should prepare to give an
antihistamine because these signs and symptoms are indicative of an allergic reaction to the
transfusion, infuse saline at a rapid rate, and administer oxygen if the client shows signs of
incompatibility.
A client has been ordered a blood test. When taking a venous blood sample, which intervention
should the nurse perform?
A) Apply a tourniquet tightly below the arm
B) Tap the skin over the vein several times
C) Have the client keep an open fist
D) Stroke the skin upward toward the arm correct answers B) Tap the skin over the vein several
times
The nurse should tap the skin over the vein several times before taking a venous blood sample.
The nurse should apply a tourniquet tightly above, not below, the arm, stroke the skin toward the
fingers, not upward toward the arm, and have the client make a fist and pump the fist
intermittently. This process helps to obtain the blood sample easily.
After surgery, a client is on IV therapy for the next 4 days. How often should the nurse change
the IV tubing for this client?
A) Every 36 hours
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