Med Surg Exam #2 (NUR 172)/98
Questions and Answers
primary hypertension - - - denotes high blood pressure from an unidentified
cause; also called essential hypertension
- Causes medial hyperplasia (thickening) of arterioles
- secondary hypertension - - - high blood pressure caused by the effects of
another disease
- has a more gradual onset than primary
- does not cause the target-organ damage that occurs with primary
- has a specific cause (i.e. renal failure) that can often be corrected by
medicine or surgery
- caused by age-related changes in BP regular mechanisms in individuals
over 65 years
- Effects of hypertension on the body - - Gradual loss of elasticity in arterial
walls results in less stretch and recoil
Heart has to work harder to pump blood through the cardiovascular system;
causes left ventricle to thicken; can cause bone loss and osteoporosis
- How is hypertension diagnosed? - - by checking blood pressure
- effects of atherosclerosis - - sudden numbness or weakness in your arms
or legs, difficulty speaking or slurred speech, temporary loss of vision in one
eye, or drooping muscles in your face
- Thiazides (Diuretiics)- General - - - 1st line for hypertension
- inhibits tubular reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions
- action in the ascending loop of hence and early distal tube
- being 2 hours after oral admin
- peaks 4-6 hours, up to 12
- excreted through urine
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