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C273 WGU - Intro to Sociology Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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C273 WGU - Intro to Sociology Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Primary group - Answer-small group characterized by intimate, long-term, face-to-face association and cooperation. secondary group - Answer-a large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific goal or activit...

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  • October 3, 2024
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C273 WGU - Intro to Sociology Exam
Study Guide with Complete Solutions

Primary group - Answer✔✔-small group characterized by intimate, long-term, face-to-face association

and cooperation.


secondary group - Answer✔✔-a large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific

goal or activity


In-Group - Answer✔✔-a group toward which one feels loyalty


Out-Group - Answer✔✔-a group toward which one feels antagonism


Dyad - Answer✔✔-group of two


Which social theorist was the first to analyze bureaucracies as powerful forms of social organization that

are concerned with the "bottom line"? - Answer✔✔-Max Weber


Role Strain - Answer✔✔-Conflict someone feels within a role




Suppose that you are exceptionally well prepared for a particular class assignment. Although the

instructor asks an unusually difficult question, you find yourself knowing the answer when no one else

does. If you want to raise your hand, yet don't want to make your fellow students look bad, you will

experience role strain.




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____________ was interested in how societies manage to create social integration —their members

united by shared values and other social bonds. He found the answer in what he called mechanical

solidarity. - Answer✔✔-Sociologist Emile Durkheim


mechanical solidarity - Answer✔✔-Durkheim's term for the unity (a shared consciousness) that people

feel as a result of performing the same or similar tasks


division of labor - Answer✔✔-the splitting of a group's or a society's tasks into specialties


organic solidarity - Answer✔✔-Durkheim's term for the interdependence that results from the division

of labor; as part of the same unit, we all depend on others to fulfill their jobs


Which type of influence could convince people to participate in horrible acts according to Milgram's

research? - Answer✔✔-Authority


What is the position conflict theorists have regarding deviance? - Answer✔✔-Deviant behavior is defined

by those with power


Deviance - Answer✔✔-violation of the norms


How is deviance culturally relative? - Answer✔✔-Applies to crimes, sexuality and capitalism


Biosocial perspective on deviance - Answer✔✔-Explained deviance by looking within individuals. Assume

genetic predispositions lead people to bad behavior.


Psychological perspective on deviance - Answer✔✔-Abnormalities within an individual. Personality

disorder. Subconscious motives drive people to deviance.




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Sociological perspective on deviance - Answer✔✔-Look at factors outside of the individual. Look for

social influences that "recruit people" to break the norms. To explain deviance, they apply symbolic

interactionalism, functionalism and conflict theory.


Three Sociological Perspectives on Deviance - Answer✔✔-Differential association theory


Control Theory


Labeling Theory


Differential association theory - Answer✔✔-theory that individuals learn deviance in proportion to

number of deviant acts they are exposed to


Control Theory - Answer✔✔-the idea that two control systems- inner controls and outer controls- work

against our tendencies to deviate. This theory is about self control


Labeling Theory - Answer✔✔-The significance of reputations and how they set us up on paths to

deviance or away from it.




Pervert - Cheater - Etc


Strain Theory - Answer✔✔-Merton's theory that deviance occurs when a society does not give all its

members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals


Use strain theory to explain why someone may commit the crime of selling drugs - Answer✔✔-Selling

Drugs = Money


Money = Success


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