Autism Spectrum Disorders Final Exam Questions with Latest Update
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ASD
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ASD
What were autistic children historically believed to be? - Answer--schizophrenic
Who is Leo Kanner and what did he do for the history of ASD? - Answer-- described 11 cases of what he termed "early infantile autism" noting ways in which it is distinctive from psychosis/schizophrenia
-certain asp...
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Autism Spectrum Disorders Final Exam
Questions with Latest Update
What were autistic children historically believed to be? - Answer--schizophrenic
Who is Leo Kanner and what did he do for the history of ASD? - Answer-- described 11
cases of what he termed "early infantile autism" noting ways in which it is distinctive
from psychosis/schizophrenia
-certain aspects of his speculations proven incorrect: Normal IQ, lack of association with
other medical conditions, poor parenting/education
Hans Asperger - Answer-- 1944 proposed autistic pyschopathy, based off of 4
observations of children
- now known as Asperger's to separate it from general autism
Historical myths about autism - Answer-- children with autism never make eye contact,
show affection, or smile
- inside a child with autism is a genius waiting to emerge
- children with autism don't speak, but they could if they wanted to
- children with autism don't relate with peers and adults and don't want friends
- children with autism are manipulative
- autism is an emotional disorder
- autism can be outgrown, or progress means a child is not autistic
IDEA: individuals with disabilities education act - Answer-- autism was not an official
disability category under federal law until 1990
what do we know about autism - Answer-- biological disorder with multiple etiologies
- no single cause, no single cure
- no biological marker
- no evidence of parenting defects of emotionally induced autism
Prevalence of ASD - Answer-- 1:68
- 4 times more likely in boys
- no known racial, ethnic, or social boundaries
- no relation to family income, lifestyle
Core symptoms of ASD - Answer-- social/communication deficits
- social repetitive and restricted interests
Associated medical features - Answer-- aggression/self-injurious, ADHD, Social anxiety,
OCD, epilepsy, immune dysfunction, sleep disturbance, apraxia, intellectual disabilities
, what does it mean by autism is a spectrum disorder - Answer-- symptoms and
characteristics can present themselves in a wide variety of ways, from mild to severe
- everyone with autism is very different from each other
- "If you know one person with autism, you know one person with autism"
Autism eruption? - Answer-- nature of the disability
- actual increase in incidence
- increased identification
- better treatments = hope
- insurance coverage
- jenny mccarthy factor
- better tools
cause of autism? - Answer-- abnormalities in brain and CNS development
- may include chemical exposure, viral and genetic factors
- diagnosis made by behavioral observation
DSM-5 definition - Answer-Deficits in social communication (all 3)
- nonverbal communication
-social and emotional reciprocity
-maintaining relationships
Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior (2)
- stereotyped motor or verbal behavior
- unusual sensory behavior
- excessive adherence to routines and ritualized
- restricted fixated interests
-Symptoms present in early childhood
- significant impairment
- not better explained by intellectual disability
importance of effective early diagnosis and treatment - Answer-- more intervention
opportunities
- more opportunities
- insurance coverage for treatment
costs of ASD - Answer-- total lifetime cost, 3.2 million
- medicaid enrolled children 6 times greater for children with ASD
historical perspective on ASD - Answer-- less than 2% function normally (Rutter)
- 60% require institutional placement/support (Rutter)
UCLA young autism project (Lovaas) - Answer-- Intensive ABA = 9/19 recovered or
normal functioning
- a major breakthrough with major methodological concerns
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