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BS 161 FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers
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BS 161 FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers transcription unit - correct ans-promoter, start site, terminator initiation of transcription (p) - correct ans-requires a promoter and a start site. -35 and -10 provide promoter with asymmetry and help with initiation and direction of transcription. comp...

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  • October 5, 2024
  • 9
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bs 161 final exam questions and answers

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  • BS 161
  • BS 161

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BS 161 FINAL EXAM Questions And Ans
bf bf bf bf bf bf




wers
flowbfofbfinformationbf-bfcorrectbfans-DNA-->RNA-->bfprotein
transcriptionbf-bfcorrectbfans-synthesisbfofbfRNA
mRNAbfusedbftobfdirectbfsynthesisbfofbfpolypeptides
onlybfonebfstrandbfofbfDNAbfused
translationbf-bfcorrectbfans-synthesisbfofbfpolypeptides
takesbfplacebfatbfribosome
requiresbfseveralbfdifferentbfkindsbfofbfRNA
prokaryoticbftranscriptionbf-bfcorrectbfans-singlebfRNAbfpolymerase
requiresbfabftranscriptionbfunit.
eukaryoticbftranscriptionbf-bfcorrectbfans-3bfdifferentbfRNAbfpolymerase
eachbfRNAbfrecognizesbfisbfownbfclassbfofbfpromoter
prokaryotesbfsitebfofbftranscriptionbfandbftranslationbf-bfcorrectbfans-
nobfmembranebfboundbfnucleus.
transcriptionbfandbftranslationbfarebfcoupledbfinbfthebfcytoplasm.
eukaryotesbfsitebfofbftranscriptionbfandbftranslationbf-bfcorrectbfans-
transcriptionbfinbfnucleus.bfmRNAbfisbftransportedbftobfcytoplasmbfforbftranslation.
codonbf-bfcorrectbfans-blockbfofbf3bfDNAbfnucleotidesbfcorrespondingbftobfanbfaminobfacid.
readingbfframebfimportancebf-bfcorrectbfans-
itbfdeterminesbfwhichbfaminobfacidbfwillbfbebfencodedbfbybfabfgene.
thebfframebfshiftsbfwhenbfaddingbforbfdeleting.
mRNAbf-bfcorrectbfans-
informationbfinbfDNAbfthatbfisbftransportedbfoutbfofbfthebfnucleusbfintobfthebfcytoplasmbfwherebfpro
teinsbfarebfmadebfintobfribosomes.
rRNAbf-bfcorrectbfans-
criticalbftobfthebffunctionbfofbfthebfribosome.bffoundbfinbfbothbfribosomalbfsubunits.
tRNAbf-bfcorrectbfans-adapterbfmoleculebfinbfbetweenbfmRNAbfandbfaminobfacids.bf
havebfaminobfacidsbfcovalentlybfattachedbftobfonebfendbfandbfanbfanticodonbfthatbfcanbfbase-
pairbfwithbfanbfmRNAbfcodonbfatbfthebfother.
promoterbf-bfcorrectbfans-formsbfabfrecognitionbfsitebfforbfthebfRNAbfpolymerase.
foundbfupstreambfofbfthebfstartbfsitebftowardsbf5'.
notbftranscribed.
explainbfwhybfpolypeptidesbfbeginbfwithbfmethioninebfwhenbftheybfarebfsynthesized.bf-
bf correctbf ans-

it'sbfbecausebfAUGbfisbfabfstartbfcodonbfandbfitbfencodesbfforbfthebfaminobfacidbfmethionine.
explainbfwhatbfitbfmeansbftobfsaybfthatbfthebfgeneticbfcodebfisbfredundantbfandbfspecific.bf-
bf correctbf ans-

informationbfencodedbfwithinbfDNAbfactbftobfspecifybfparticularbfenzymes.bfeachbfgenebfencode
sbfthebfstructurebfofbfonebfenzyme.

onebfcodonbfencodesbfonlybfonebfaminobfacidbftype.

, startbfcodonbf-bfcorrectbfans-AUGbfstartsbftranslation
stopbfcodonbf-bfcorrectbfans-UAG,bfUGA,bfUUAbfusedbftobfterminatebftranslation
terminatorbf-bfcorrectbfans-signalsbfpolymerasebftobfendbftranscription.
transcriptionbfunitbf-bfcorrectbfans-promoter,bfstartbfsite,bfterminator
initiationbfofbftranscriptionbf(p)bf-bfcorrectbfans-requiresbfabfpromoterbfandbfabfstartbfsite.
-35bfandbf-
10bfprovidebfpromoterbfwithbfasymmetrybfandbfhelpbfwithbfinitiationbfandbfdirectionbfofbftranscripti
on.
completedbfwhenbfsigmabffactorbfisbfreleased.
elongationbfofbftranscriptionbf(p)bf-bfcorrectbfans-
growsbfinbfabf5'bftobf3'bfdirectionbfasbfribonucleotidesbfarebfadded.
transcriptionbfbubble-
bf containsbf RNAbf polymerase,bf DNAbf template,bf andbf growingbf RNAbf transcript.

afterbfthebfbubblebfpasses,bfthebfnowbftranscribedbfDNAbfisbfrewoundbfasbfitbfleavesbfthebfbubble.
terminationbfofbftranscriptionbf(p)bf-bfcorrectbfans-
markedbfbybf"stop"bfsignalbf(causesbfphosphodiesterbfbondsbftobfcease.bfRNA-
DNAbfhybridbfwithinbfthebftranscriptionbfbubblebfdissociates.RNAbfpolymerasebfreleasesbfthebf
DNAbfandbfDNAbfrewinds.

usuallybfthebfstopbfsignalbfisbfabfRNAbfhairpinbfstructure.
hairpinbfstructurebf-bfcorrectbfans-RNAbftranscriptbfofbfthebfstopbfregionbfcanbfformbfabfdouble-
strandedbfstructurebfinbfthebfGCbfregionbfwhichbfisbffollowedbfbybffourbforbfmorebfuracilbfnucleotide
s.
mRNAbfmodificationsbf-bfcorrectbfans-
primarybftranscriptbfmustbfbebfmodifiedbfintobfmaturebfmRNA.

-additionbfofbfabf5'bfcap:bfprotectsbffrombfdegradation;bfinvolvedbfinbftranslationbfandbfinitiation.
-additionbfofbfabf3'bfpoly-Abftail:bfcreatedbfbybfpoly-A-
polymerase;bfprotectingbffrombfdegradation.
-removalbfofbfnoncodingbf(introns):bfpre-mRNAbfsplicingbfdonebfbybfspliceosome.
describebfthebffunctionalbfandbfevolutionarybfsignificancebfofbfintrons.bf-bfcorrectbfans-intron-
exonbfarrangementsbffoundbfinbfgenesbfrepresentbfthebfshufflingbfofbfthesebffunctionalbfunitsbfov
erbflongbfperiodsbfofbfevolutionarybftime.bf
nobfrulesbfgovernbfthebfnumberbfofbfintronsbfperbfgenebforbfthebfsizebfofbfintronsbfandbfexons.
exonsbfarebffunctionalbfdomainsbfofbfproteins.
explainbfwhy,bfduebftobfalternativebfsplicing,bfcanbfthebfnumberbfofbfdifferentbfproteinbfproductsbfo
fbfanbforganismbfcanbfproducebfisbfmuchbfgreaterbfthanbfitsbfnumberbfofbfgenes.bf-bfcorrectbfans-
25,000bfgenesbfofbfthebfhumanbfgenomebfcanbfencodebfthebfmorebfthanbf100,000bfdifferentbfprot
einsbfreportedbftobfexist.
singlebfprimarybftranscriptbfcanbfbebfsplicedbfintobfdifferentbfmRNAsbfbybfthebfinclusionbfofbfdiffer
entbfsetsbfofbfexons.
describebfthebffunctionbfandbfstructurebfofbftRNAbf-bfcorrectbfans-
carrybfaminobfacidsbftobfthebfribosomebfforbfincorporationbfintobfabfpolypeptide.
tRNAbfcanbfbebffoldedbfintobfabf2-
Dbfcloverleafbfstructurebfasbfabfresultbfofbfbasebfpairingbfthatbfproducesbfdoublebfstrandedbfregion
s.

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