Bi 112 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Graded A+
What is the role of the cytoskeleton in a eukaryotic cell?
The cytoskeleton provides structural support and helps with cell movement, division, and
intracellular transport.
Why is the process of DNA replication important before cell division?...
Bi 112 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Graded A+
What is the role of the cytoskeleton in a eukaryotic cell?
✔✔The cytoskeleton provides structural support and helps with cell movement, division, and
intracellular transport.
Why is the process of DNA replication important before cell division?
✔✔DNA replication ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic
material.
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?
✔✔The rough ER is responsible for synthesizing and folding proteins, particularly those
destined for the cell membrane or secretion.
How do phospholipids contribute to the structure of the plasma membrane?
✔✔Phospholipids form a bilayer, with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads
facing outward, creating a barrier that regulates entry and exit of substances.
1
,What happens during glycolysis in cellular respiration?
✔✔During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP
and NADH.
How do lysosomes prevent cell damage?
✔✔Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste, pathogens, and damaged organelles,
preventing the accumulation of harmful substances in the cell.
Why is the Golgi apparatus important in cellular secretion?
✔✔The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to their
destinations, including secretion outside the cell.
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?
✔✔mRNA carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes, where it is
translated into proteins.
How does osmosis affect cell volume in different solutions?
✔✔Osmosis causes water to move across the membrane, making cells swell in hypotonic
solutions and shrink in hypertonic solutions.
2
, Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction?
✔✔Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, creating genetically diverse gametes that
combine during fertilization.
What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?
✔✔Crossing over increases genetic diversity by exchanging DNA between homologous
chromosomes.
How does the nuclear envelope contribute to the organization of eukaryotic cells?
✔✔The nuclear envelope surrounds and protects the DNA, separating it from the cytoplasm and
regulating the exchange of materials between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in translation?
✔✔rRNA forms part of the ribosome and helps catalyze the assembly of amino acids into
proteins during translation.
Why are mitochondria referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell?
3
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