GIS Exam Study Guide with Complete
Solutions
GIS - Answer-geographic information system software - allows you to envision the geographic
aspects of a body of data.
ESRI - Answer-is Environmental Systems Research Institute - the developer and supplier of GIS
how does computer hardware performan...
.mxd - Answer✔✔-is an file extension for a map document in ArcMap & is only usable within ArcMaps -
can contain map description, map layout, and embedded objects saved in the map
.mxd v. .mpk - Answer✔✔-.mxd is smaller because it doesn't contain the data in the file, it only had
pointers to the actual data and symbol sets, thus need the other data files on your computer. .mpk is a
portable file that contains .mxd file and any referenced GIS data from the document - created using a
map package (only for ArcMap 10.0 and up)
Data Formats (2) - Answer✔✔-- Vector
- Raster
Vector - Answer✔✔-a coordinate-based data model that represents geographic features as points, line,
and polygons. Points -each with its own coordinate pairs; lines & polygons have ordered lists of vertices
(x,y).
Vector features - Answer✔✔-points (water wells), lines (rivers - the last point cannot be where the first
point is), and polygons (lakes - last point is where the first point is) - usually each has attributes that
describe it
Raster - Answer✔✔-a spatial data model that defines space as an array of equally sized cells (pixels)
arranged in row and columns, and composed of single or multiple bands. Each raster cell contains an
attribute value and location coordinates.
Raster Format - Answer✔✔-Group of cells that share the same value represent the same type of
geographic feature (i.e. green pixels = forest, blue = lake).
Cell - Answer✔✔-the smallest unit of information in a raster data - a pixel.
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