PSYCH 340 Homework 8 | Questions and Answers Social psychologists distinguish between two forms of social influence normative and informational Asch's line-judging studies on conformity suggests that people engage in normative conformity ____ when in the presence of larger groups (groups of thre...
Social psychologists distinguish between two forms of social influence
normative and informational
Asch's line-judging studies on conformity suggests that people engage in normative
conformity ____ when in the presence of larger groups (groups of three to seven
people) as opposed to smaller groups (groups of two to three people).
more often
Suppose that you are on a committee that is deciding how to allocate the yearly budget.
And suppose that many people on the committee seem to just be "going along with the
crowd" rather than expressing their opinions or concerns. Based on Asch's line-judging
research on conformity, you can encourage more dissent and debate in the group by
playing "devil's advocate" and disagree with the majority view
In one study, research participants were asked to discuss the case of supposed juvenile
delinquent named Johnny Rocco. Each discussion group consisted of five real
participants and three confederates—a "mode" confederate (who adopted the majority
viewpoint), a "deviant" confederate (who held extreme views that were different from the
majority viewpoint), and a "slider" (who started out extreme, but eventually adopted the
majority viewpoint). When participants were asked, at the end of the discussion, to "vote
one group member out of the group," who was MOST often voted out?
the "deviant" confederate
In one well-known social psychological experiment, research participants were brought
into a dark room where an experimenter projected dots of light. These dots of light
appeared to move slightly as they were projected—though exactly how far they moved
the participants couldn't say. When asked to estimate the distance that the light
traveled, participants tended to look to others in the room, and ask them what they
thought. All of the participants thus ended up giving somewhat similar answers—
thereby establishing
group norms
Samuela never pays attention in class or studies, and tends to fail most of the tests she
takes in school. However, she constantly looks for opportunities to cheat during tests;
she looks at her neighbors' answers and then writes down what she sees, assuming
that her neighbors know the test material better than she does. In these cases,
Samuela's test answers are based on
informational influence
, In one well-known social psychological experiment, research participants were brought
into a dark room where an experimenter projected dots of light. These dots of light
appeared to move slightly as they were projected—though exactly how far they moved
the participants couldn't say. When asked to estimate the distance that the light
traveled, participants tended to look to others in the room, and ask them what they
thought (not because they wanted to gain others' approval, but because they assumed
that others knew more than they did). It would therefore be MOST accurate to say that
participants' final estimates were based on
informational influence
The tendency to assume that others know more than you do in a crisis or ambiguous
situation, when in reality, no one knows anything, is called
pluralistic influence
Private acceptance of a belief tends to be facilitated by ____ rather than by ____
informational influence; normative influence
In one study, one group of homeowners was asked if they would put a small sign on
their doors that said, "BE A SAFE DRIVER." Another group of homeowners was not
asked to display this sign. Then, a few weeks later, everyone in both groups was asked
if a large, poorly lettered sign stating, "DRIVE CAREFULLY," could be displayed in their
yard. Most people who had received and granted the first request were quite willing to
have the larger sign in their yard. In contrast, those who had not had the first request
with the small sign tended to say "no" to displaying the larger sign. This study was about
which social influence technique?
foot-in-the-door
Carlos is a freelance graphic designer. Last month, a client hired him to design a
website, at a flat rate of $1000. Carlos met with the client numerous times to sketch out
the project, and engaged in a fair amount of background research. Just as he was
getting ready to sign a contract for the job, the client mentioned, "Oh, by the way, I also
need you to design three catalog covers under your contract." Even though Carlos
would never design a website AND three catalog covers for just $1000, he had already
invested so much time and energy in this client that he ended up just saying yes to
everything. Carlos told his friends that he was "tricked" by the client. Social
psychologists would say that he was a victim of the
low-ball technique
The ____ is based on commitment, wherein the influencer first gets a person to comply
with a seemingly low-cost request and only later reveals hidden additional costs to the
person
low-ball technique
Which social influence technique is based on commitment and consistency?
the foot-in-the-door technique
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