Exam (elaborations)
EKG KAISER EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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EKG KAISER EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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EKG KAISER EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1. Cardiac Con-
SA node> AV node> Bundle of His> Left and Right
duction Pathway
bundle branches> Purkinjie fibers
System
2. Pacemakers
Natural: SA Node = 60-100 beats/minute
of the heart
Backup: AV Node = 40-60 beats/minute
Backup: Purkinje Fibers (ventricles) = 20-40
beats/minute
3. SA Node • Intrinsic Pacemaker of the heart
•Rate 60-100 beats/min
•RA (Right Atrium), close to SVC (Superior Vena
Cava)
•Blood supply from RCA (Right Coronary Artery)
& LCA (Left Coronary Artery)
4. Interatrial/Intern- Transmits impulses from the SA node to the AV
odal Tracts node through the RA & LA
5. AV node • Slows conduction (40-60 beats/min)
•Physiologic delay allows atrial kick on floor of
RA near tricuspid valve
, EKG KAISER EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
6. Bundle of His Bundle of cardiac muscle fibers that conducts the
electri- cal impulses from the AV node in the right
atrium to the
, EKG KAISER EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
septum between the ventricles and then to the left
and right ventricles.
7. bundle branches Right and Left (Left anterior & Left posterior
fascicles)
8. Purkinjie Fibers Fibers from Bundle Branches imbedded into the
ventricle walls.
9. Depolarization ekg
vs Repolarization
10. Electrical and
mechanical ac-
tivity of the heart
11. Measurement of
the boxes in the
, EKG KAISER EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
Depolarization - 25 small boxes, then each 1 mm box = 0.04
electrical excitation seconds. The
of the cell
membrane,
normally followed
by mechanical
contraction
Repolarization -
return of cell
membrane to its
resting state,
normally followed
by mechanical
relaxation
The heart has two
activities that are
performed rhythmi-
cally: electrical
activity followed by
mechanical activity
Electrical activity
always precedes
mechanical activity
It is possible to
have electrical
activity without
mechanical
response
Always check
the patient - Do
Not Depend on
the Ma- chine!!!
A standard ECG is
printed at 25mm
per second or 25
small squares per
second. Since one
second divided by
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