Occupational Lexis - answer-Lexical terms often common to a specific occupation's semantic field.
Restricted Lexis - answer-Highly specialised lexis, only used within a specific context.
Jargon - answer-Describing terms which unnecessarily exclude other people, however one person's terms coul...
OCCUPATIONAL LANGUAGE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Occupational Lexis - answer-Lexical terms often common to a specific occupation's semantic field.
Restricted Lexis - answer-Highly specialised lexis, only used within a specific context.
Jargon - answer-Describing terms which unnecessarily exclude other people, however one person's
terms could be another's jargon.
Discourse Community - answer-Alternative term for a community of practice.
Discourse Structure - answer-The internal structure of a text.
Ethnography - answer-The study of how a group of people communicate. These people are usually a
part of the community which they study.
What were John Swales(2011) ideas? - answer-That discourse communities have members who:
- Share a common set of goals
- Communicate internally, using there genres of communication
- Use specialist lexis and discourse
- Posses a required level of knowledge and skills to be eligible in the community.
Inference - answer-Using assumed knowledge in order to determine meaning.
Drew and Heritage (1993) - answer-Members of a discourse community share inferential frameworks
consisting of subtle ways of communicating, thinking and behaving.
There are strong hierarchies of power writhing organisations with unequal relationships marked by
language use.
Inferential Framework - answer-Knowledge built up overtime and used in order to understand meaning
which are implicit(subtle).
Asymmetrical - answer-Unequal
Phatic Talk - answer-Language that is devoid of content but supports social relationships i.e.
"Hi, how are you today?"
Koester (2004) - answer-Emphasised the importance of Phatic talk (small talk) i.e amongst colleagues.
Solidarity - answer-The ability to connect with ones workmates.
Solidarity is an important dimension in workplace communication.
Corpus (plural; corpora) - answer-A collection of searchable language data stored on a computer.
Michael Nelson (corpus) - answer-He investigated whether there was such thing as 'business lexis'.
, He found a 'semantic field of business' involving semantic categories such as: money, places of business,
time, companies and lexis linked to technology.
He found little reference to personal issues, society and families.
Occupational phonology and prosody - answer-Some occupations use their voices in special ways. For
example, teachers and lecturers have a very calm tone whilst also remaining authoritative.
Other professions which involve a change in voice are those which involve public performance such as:
chairing a meeting, news reporters and sports commentators.
Occupational and international English - answer-International workplaces a growing and are
increasingly networked. The amount of native speakers communicating with non-native speakers is also
increasing.
Kim and Elder (2009) looked at Korean air pilots working with American colleagues. The difficulties in
communication were either as the result of native speakers abbreviating or elaborating unnecessarily,
or the Americans not using Standard English.
AO1 - Jargon - answer-language specific to a group/profession
AO1 - Adjacency pairs - answer-turn-taking
AO1 - Code Switching - answer-changing language depending on context
AO1 - Power asymmetry - answer-one speaker holds more power in the conversation
AO1 - Hierarchy - answer-everyone has a different level of power in every conversation
provides parameter of power and conversation
AO1 - Goal orientation - answer-each occupation and individual has a different motivation if every
conversation, important as it gets the job done
Key idea - understanding linguistic rules - answer-need to converge and diverge at the correct time
conform to the maxim of quantity and quality
Wareing - answer-3 types of power:
Social - being a dominant member
Personal - roles of an individual
Political - given by society
Criticisms of occupational lexis - answer-when overused it loses meaning
it can also leave the unknowing, newly joined join out of the discourse community and create barriers
Swales - answer-discourse communities are built in social groups they aim to:
share common goals
communicate internally
use specialist lexis
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