Physical Agent Modalities (PAM) Comprehensive Exam With 100% Answers.
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Module
PAM
Institution
PAM
Physical Agent Modalities (PAMs) - correct answer are those procedures and interventions that are systematically applied to modify
specific client factors when neurological, musculoskeletal, or skin conditions are present that may be limiting
occupational perf...
NMES - correct answer he use of electrical current to the use of electrical current to
increase ROM, decrease edema and increase ROM, decrease edema and increase strength
FES - correct answer The use of NMES on innervated innervated ddmuscle to
achieve functional or purposeful to achieve functional or purposeful
movements or gain functional control. movements or gain functional control.
do not use FES - correct answer • with patients who have certain types of
pacemakers
• over the carotid sinus area
• over the heart or transthoracically
• over the mouth/throat area
• on open wounds or irritated skin
• over cancerous lesions
, FES Contraindications - correct answer FES will not be effective on patients having
significant
peripheral nerve injury or pathologies such as:
• problems in the cell body
• problems in the axon
• major damage to the myelin sheath
• problems at the synapses between the muscle & the nerve
• problems within the muscle
Superficial thermal agents - correct answer include but are not limited to
hydrotherapy/whirlpool, cryotherapy (cold
packs, ice), Fluidotherapy™, hot packs, paraffin, water, infrared, and other commercially available
superficial heating and cooling technologies
factor that effect current flow (FES) - correct answer Impedence is opposition is
opposition
to flow of an electric to flow of an electric
current current
• Muscle = 75% water
• Fat = 15% water
• Bone = 10% water
So, you want to place the electrode on the
"motor point motor point", over the muscle, where the fibers are most dense
• Electrode size
- Smaller is more concentrated, or more powerful and sometimes more painful painful.
Electrode orientation
- Needs to be placed in line with the way in line with the way the muscle fibers run the muscle fibers
run.
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