MARK KLIMEK LECTURE OUTLINE
NCLEX, MARK KLIMEK NCLEX PHARM,
EXAM REVIEW TIPS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Rule of B's for ABGs - Answer-if the pH and the Bicarb are Both in the same direction it
is metaBolic
Rule of B's for ABGs - Answer-if the pH and the Bicarb are Both in the same direction it
is metaBolic
normal pH
normal Bicarb - Answer-pH: 7.35-7.45
Bicarb: 22-26
normal pH
normal Bicarb - Answer-pH: 7.35-7.45
Bicarb: 22-26
S&S of acid-base imbalance - Answer-as the pH goes, so goes my patient except for
potassium
UP: (alkolosis):decreased K+, highest risk for seizures
DOWN: (acidosis): increased K+, highest risk for respiratory arrest
S&S of acid-base imbalance - Answer-as the pH goes, so goes my patient except for
potassium
UP: (alkolosis):decreased K+, highest risk for seizures
DOWN: (acidosis): increased K+, highest risk for respiratory arrest
causes of respiratory acid-base imbalance - Answer-lung=respiratory
overvent or undervent
overvent= alkolosis
undervent=acidosis
causes of respiratory acid-base imbalance - Answer-lung=respiratory
overvent or undervent
overvent= alkolosis
undervent=acidosis
,causes of metabolic acid-base imbalance - Answer-not lung=metabolic
prolonged gastric vomiting or suction=metabolic alkolosis (losing acid)
everything else=metabolic acidosis
causes of metabolic acid-base imbalance - Answer-not lung=metabolic
prolonged gastric vomiting or suction=metabolic alkolosis (losing acid)
everything else=metabolic acidosis
high pressured ventilator alarms - Answer-triggered by increase resistance to air flow
and can be caused by obstruction of three types:
kinked tube: unkink it
water in tube: empty it
mucus in airway: turn, cough, deep breathe
high pressured ventilator alarms - Answer-triggered by increase resistance to air flow
and can be caused by obstruction of three types:
kinked tube: unkink it
water in tube: empty it
mucus in airway: turn, cough, deep breathe
low pressured ventilator alarams - Answer-triggered by decreased resistance to air flow
and can be caused by disconnections:
tubing: reconnect if not contaminate
if contaminated (below bed level): call first, then bag, reconnect
low pressured ventilator alarams - Answer-triggered by decreased resistance to air flow
and can be caused by disconnections:
tubing: reconnect if not contaminate
if contaminated (below bed level): call first, then bag, reconnect
respiratory alkalosis vs acidosis - Answer-alkalosis: ventilator setting may be too high
(overvent)
acidosis: ventilator setting may too low (undervent)
respiratory alkalosis vs acidosis - Answer-alkalosis: ventilator setting may be too high
(overvent)
acidosis: ventilator setting may too low (undervent)
HOLD - Answer-high pressured alarms
obstruction
low pressured alarms
disconnection
#1 problem in substance abuse - Answer-denial: refusal to accept the reality of their
problem
treatment: confront it by pointing out to the person the difference between what they say
and what they do.
however, in grief and loss support denial
#1 problem in substance abuse - Answer-denial: refusal to accept the reality of their
problem
treatment: confront it by pointing out to the person the difference between what they say
and what they do.
however, in grief and loss support denial
dependency/codependency - Answer-dependency: when abuser gets SO to do things
for them or make decisions for them
codependency: when the SO derives positive self-esteem from doing things for or
making decisions for the abuser
dependency/codependency - Answer-dependency: when abuser gets SO to do things
for them or make decisions for them
codependency: when the SO derives positive self-esteem from doing things for or
making decisions for the abuser
treating dependency/codenpendency - Answer-set limits and enforce them. agree in
advance what requests are allowed then enforce the agreement
work on the self-esteem of the codependent person
treating dependency/codenpendency - Answer-set limits and enforce them. agree in
advance what requests are allowed then enforce the agreement
work on the self-esteem of the codependent person
, manipulation - Answer-when abuser gets the SO to do things for him/her that are no in
the best interest of the SO. nature of the act is dangerous or harmful to SO
manipulation - Answer-when abuser gets the SO to do things for him/her that are no in
the best interest of the SO. nature of the act is dangerous or harmful to SO
treatment of manipulation - Answer-set limits and enforce them
easier to treat than dependency/codependency because no body likes being
manipulated
treatment of manipulation - Answer-set limits and enforce them
easier to treat than dependency/codependency because no body likes being
manipulated
wenicke's korsakoff syndrome - Answer-psychosis caused by a lack of B1 (thiamine)
deficiency
primary symptom: amnesia with confabulation
-preventable
-arrestable
-irreversible
wenicke's korsakoff syndrome - Answer-psychosis caused by a lack of B1 (thiamine)
deficiency
primary symptom: amnesia with confabulation
-preventable
-arrestable
-irreversible
antabuse/revia (disulfiram) - Answer-aversion therapy
onset/duration of effectiveness: 2 weeks
pt teaching: avoid all forms of alcohol to avoid nausea, vomiting, death
antabuse/revia (disulfiram) - Answer-aversion therapy
onset/duration of effectiveness: 2 weeks
pt teaching: avoid all forms of alcohol to avoid nausea, vomiting, death
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