Psychology as a natural science Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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Module
Psychology as a natural science
Institution
Psychology As A Natural Science
Psychology as a natural science Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
psyche (greek) - Answer-soul
/.logos - Answer-to study
/.William James - Answer-went to Europe to learn about psychology
dropped out of medical school
came back to finish medical degree but never intended to use it
...
/.William James - Answer-went to Europe to learn about psychology
dropped out of medical school
came back to finish medical degree but never intended to use it
became a professor in Havard uni for psuchology
wrote The principles of psychology
/.psychology - Answer-is the study of mind and behavior
/.mind - Answer-the private inner experience of perceptions , thoughts memories and
feelings an ever flowing steam of consciousness
/.behavior - Answer-refers to the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman
animals
/.Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) - Answer-allows scientist to scan a brain
to determine which parts are active when person reads a word or sees a face learns a
new skill
/.form follows function - Answer-to learn how something works learn what it is made for
/.pereception - Answer-allows us to recognize our families see predators
/.language - Answer-allows us to organize our thoughts and communicate them to othrs
/.memory - Answer-allows us to avoid solving the same problems when we see them
again
/.emotions - Answer-allow us to react quickly to events that have life or death
significance
/.structuralists - Answer-tried to analyze the mind by breaking it down into its basic
components
/.functionalists - Answer-focused more on how the mental abilities aloow people to
adapt to their environemnt
,/.nativism - Answer-the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or
inborn, e.g are children born with the ability to speak or understand language
Plato was one of the ones in favor of it
/.philosophical empirical - Answer-the view that all knowledge is aquired through
experience
Arstotle was one in favor of it
/.Descartes(1596-1650) - Answer-argued that the mind and body are different the body
is made of material things the mind is made immaterial things
suggested that the mind influences the body through a tiny structure in the lower brain
known as pineal gland
/.Joseph Gall (1758-1828) - Answer-thought brain and minds were connected . mental
anility increases with brain size
developed 'phrenology'- a now defunct teory that specific mental abilitie and
charactericts ranging from memory to the capacity of happiness , are localised in
specific regions of the brain
/.hippocampus - Answer-involved in memory
/.amygdala - Answer-involved in fear
/.Marie jean pieerre flourens(1794-1867) - Answer-compared animals with parts of brain
removed to those with complete brains
/.what was the usefulness of Hemholtsz's results - Answer-He measured how long it
takes impulses to travel to the brain
/.structuralism - Answer-the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind
/.stimulus - Answer-sensory input from environment
/.introspection - Answer-the subjective observation of one's own experience
/.functionalism - Answer-the study of the purpose mentsl processes eservein enabling
people to adapt to their environment
unlike structulism that studied the structures of mental processes functionalism set to
understand the functiokkns those mental processes served.
William James reasoned that mental abilities must have evolved becuase they were
adaptive
, /.natural selection - Answer-the features of an organism that help it survive and
reproduce are more likely than other features to be passed on to subsequent
generations
/.Karl Lashely - Answer-tried to find the exact spot in the brain that allowed rats to learn
by removing them
/.behavioral neuroscience - Answer-an approach to psychology that links psychological
processes tio activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes
/.cognitive neauroscience - Answer-the field of study that attempts to understand the
links between cognitive processes and brain activity
/.evolutionary psychology - Answer-explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive
value of anbilities that are preserved over time by natural selection
/.social psychology - Answer-is the study of causes and consequences of sociality
/.Norman Triplett - Answer-tested the performance of children in the presence of other
children
/.cultural psychology - Answer-the study of how cultures reflect and shape the
psychological processes of their members
/.Willhelm Wudnt - Answer-seen as the father or pioneer of cultural psychology
/.Louise Hay - Answer-author of 'you can heal your life' - everything because of the
thoughts we choose to think
says cured cancer by changing the way she thought
/.dogmatism - Answer-greek peope who believed that the best way to understand
illnesses was to develop theories about the body's fucntions
known today as someone who sticks to their assumptions
/.empiricism - Answer-the belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through
observation
- is the essential element to the scientific method
/.scientific method - Answer-a procedure for finding truth by using empirical evidence
/.theory - Answer-a hypothetical explanation of a natural phenomenon
/.parsimony - Answer-rule that says that the simplest theory that explains all the
evidence is the best one.
- often credited to William Ockham
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