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MBG Final Exam Prep to NBHWC Prep
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MBG Final Exam Prep to NBHWC Prep 2024-2025The NBHWC definition of HC includes 7 major concepts:
partner with client
improving well-being
self-directed change
congruent with values
unconditional positive regard
client is the expert of their own health
non-judgemental
What are 5 self-observational skills to develop as a HC?
listening,
clarifying,
reflecting,
nurturing,
motivating
List key points of Travis' Illness-Wellness Continuum
Wellness is more than the absence of disease.
There are levels of wellness. It is a continuum
Wellness is changing, growing, fluid.
Treatment takes you as far as neutral whereas Wellness covers the whole continuum.
The neutral point is where there is no discernable illness or wellness (?? how can that
be?).
The treatment paradigm includes disability, symptoms, signs.
The Wellness paradigm includes all aspects of the treatment paradigm as well as
awareness, education and growth.
,Contrast the Biomedical Worldview and the Holistic Worldview ↓ Frey et. al.)
Primary way of thinking is analytical and rational vs. interpretive
Symptoms are puzzles to be solved vs. dealing with the total patient experience
including aspects not amenable to tx
Object of analysis/focus is disease vs. patient
Success is cure, death is failure vs. death is part of the cycle of life .
Hierarchical relationship between doctor and patient vs. partnership.
Describe the difference between functional and integrative medicine
Functional = root cause medicine vs.
Integrative which combines conventional medicine and holistic practices (best of both
worlds)
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
A ______ is an external measurement or observation vs. a _______ is something the
patient reports/subjective
Definition of Functional Medicine (Hanaway, 2016)
.a systems-biology-based approach that empowers patients and practitioners to work
together to address the underlying causes of disease and to promote the highest
expression of health. FM uses a unique operating system, along with personalized
therapeutic interventions, to help patients attain optimal wellness.
Key points in Functional Medicine
FM seeks to understand the origins of disease. How and why did the illness occur? how
does health occur?
Philosophy: patient empowerment through co-creation of health.
Treat the whole patient-not the symptoms.
One symptom = many causes; one cause = many symptoms.
,Striving for optimal function.
Hyman: Depression is not a Prozac deficiency; a cavity is not a fluoride deficiency (love
it!)
What is the Functional Medicine Timeline?
A way of thinking about a patient's health history that can help to hone in on 3 main
aspects of a patient's health include antecedents, triggers, mediators of disease.
Triggers are factors that provoke the symptoms and signs of illness. Usually a person,
place or thing or something that provokes a flare.
Mediators/perpetuators are biochemical or psychosocial factors that contribute to
pathological changes and dysfunctional responses
What is the Functional Medicine Matrix?
. an organizing tool to ID core imbalances
What are the 7 core imbalances identified in the Functional Medicine Matrix?
Assimilation: digestion and absorption, microbiome
Defence & Repair: state of the immune system influencing inflammatory processes,
infections, microbiota
Energy: mitochondrial function and energy regulation
Structural Integrity: cell membrane integrity and musculoskeletal integrity
Communication: endocrine system, neurotransmitters, immune messengers and
cognition
Transport: lymph and circulatory systems
Biotransformation and elimination: toxicity and detox
What are some key points of the Functional Medicine Tree?
Treatment is participatory and individualized, genes are not our destiny
Define active listening
, P facilitation: Listening both to what is said verbally as well as nonverbally including
expression, tone, emotions, energy. Also using silence appropriately to "hold the space"
and allow clients time to reflect, process and identify what emerges.
Contrast empathy and sympathy .
understanding an emotion expressed by another vs. feeling with the other
Define Motivational Interviewing
Prerequisite of communication skills, which works by helping resolve ambivalence and
eliciting change talk from the client themselves. It turns on the client's motivation to
change and thereby their likelihood of follow-through.
Main features of MI?
Client centered & collaborative
Evocative: MI aims to evoke and honor the patients' values, vision, desires, and to
activate their existing resources. Instead of focusing on what the client lacks, we
support their wholeness, and bring attention to what they already know about
themselves, their life/body, strengths, and resources.
Honor's client autonomy.
What are the 4 guiding principles of MI?
Resistance to the Righting Reflex
Understand the client's WHY
Listen to Understand ~ single most important coaching skill
Empower ~ help client internalize their own inner coach
Give examples of scaling questions and what dimensions they are especially useful for
On a scale of 1 -10, how ready/confident/committed/motivated are you to make this
change?
Define the Transtheoretical Model of Change
Prochaska proposed a spiral model of change in which we go through stages as we
attempt to make changes. Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action,
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