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Behaviorism Questions And Answers 2024/2025 Update
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Behaviorism Questions And Answers 2024/2025 Update
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Behaviorism Questions And Answers2024/2025 Update
The Development of Behaviorism Answer: A primary paradigm of psychology in the first half of
the 20th century in the United States
Most behaviorism occurred and developed in the United States
Structuralism during the late 1800s (finding soul/psyche)- interest in consciousness
Competitor of functionalism (focus of function of behavior rather than the components- adaptation to
the environment - Darwinism- mainly going on in American (spencer, james, and carr)
Behaviorism Answer: combines elements of philosophy, methodology, and psychological theory.
places a great emphasis on observable behavior. applied a scientific empirical approach (experiments)
Key concepts of behaviorism Answer: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, reinforcement
and punishment, social learning theory, and psychotherapy approaches such as CBT
mainly about fundamental laws of learning, ex. no doubt that there is such a thing as conditioning, a
lot of what we learn really has nothing to do with consciousness. still in the background of what we
do (CBT) but limited
Ivan Pavlov Answer: 1849-1936
a Russian physiologist
chose to switch from theology to physiology (probably saved his life due to the communist regime
doing away with religion and clergy people)
Classical conditioning
1903: he and his student Tolochinov presented their work in scientific congresses in Europe. "The
Experimental Psychology and Psychopathology of Animals"
, his work became known in the West particularly through the writings of Watson and Skinner
the idea of conditioning as an automatic form of learning became a key concept in the developing
school of behaviorism
Classical conditioning Answer: a basic form of learning. a subject (animal or human) comes to
respond to a perviously-neutral stimulus in a way that is associated with another stimulus.
was looking at salivation in dogs in response to being fed, when he noticed that his dogs would begin
to salivate whenever he entered the room, even when he was not bringing them food
John B. Watson Answer: 1878-1958
an american psychologist, founder of the school of behaviorism in psychology.
1913: gave an address at Columbia University titled "Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it". The
written version was later referred to as "The Behaviorist Manifesto"
he rejected the concept of consciousness (as well as most other behaviorists - didn't believe that it
was relevant to psychology. no soul, mind, spirit. only things you can see and touch)
behaviorism as an approach to psychology that does not involve consciousness, the soul, or the mind.
it focuses on what can be seen, heard, or touched.
places great importance on the environment
conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising
little albert experiment
B.F. Skinner Answer: 1904-1990
an american psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher
was a professor at Harvard University
considered free will an illusion
operant conditioning
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