N115 E1Fluid & Electrolyte Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions
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Module
N115
Institution
N115
N115 E1Fluid & Electrolyte Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions
Average fluid intake per day ANS 1500 mL - 2000mL
Body's 2 major fluid compartments ANS - Intracellular (ICF) (2/3 of body's water)
- Extracellular (ECF) (1/3 of body's water)
Intracellular fluid is found where? ANS ...
N115 E1Fluid & Electrolyte Questions And Answers
Average fluid intake per day ANS 1500 mL - 2000mL
Body's 2 major fluid compartments ANS - Intracellular (ICF) (2/3 of body's water)
- Extracellular (ECF) (1/3 of body's water)
Intracellular fluid is found where? ANS inside the cell
Extracellular fluid is found where? ANS Outside the cell
-intravascular (BVs)
-interstitial
-transcellular (inside eyeball, cerebrospinal fluid)
For proper function, the volume of all body fluids and the types, and amount of dissolved substances
must be ANS carefully balanced
hydrostatic pressure is ANS water molecules in a confined space constantly pressing outward
against the confining walls
What is an example of hydrostatic pressure? ANS Blood pressure (force of blood inside vessel
pushing inside vessel)
What is dehydration? ANS fluid intake or fluid retention is less than what is needed to meet the
body's fluid needs, resulting in a fluid volume deficit, especially plasma volume deficit. (decrease in
intravascular and interstitial fluids)
Hypotonic fluid volume deficit is ANS fluid going into the cell and swelling
Iso-osmolar fluid deficit (isotonic dehydration) is ANS loss of equal amounts of fluid and solutes
(diarrhea)
,Hyperosmolar fluid deficit (dehydration) is ANS losing a lot more fluid than solutes (burns)
Common causes of dehydration ANS - hemorrhage
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- profuse salivation
- fistulas
- ileostomy
- profuse diaphoresis
- burns
- severe wounds
- long term NPO
- GI suction
- Hyperventilation
- Renal failure (early stage)
- Diabetes insipidus
- Difficulty swallowing
- Impaired thrist
- Unconsciousness
- Fever
- Impaired motor function
, - decreased BP, orthostatic or postural hypotension
- Oliguria (decreased urine output)
- flat neck and hand veins (even when lying flat)
- increased respiration rate
- changes in mental status and LOC, apprehension, and restlessness, confusion, coma in severe cases.
Diagnostic Findings for ECFV Deficit ANS - increased serum osmolality
- increased or normal serum sodium level
- elevated hematocrit
- increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- increased urine specific gravity
- increased glucose
- increased protein
What is the exact way to tell if a patient has EFD or EFO? ANS weight! (1L = about 2.5 #)
Can a lab test absolutely determine dehydration? ANS no, they can only help a doctor make an
educated guess.
ECFVD with relative high potassium (k+) ANS K=6
BUN = 30
Hematocrit 58%
ECFD with actual high Potassium (k+) ANS K=6
BUN = 20
Hematocrit = 48%
if ECFD is mild do what? ANS increase oral fluid
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