MCB 2610 Exam 1 Latest(2025/2026) Questions and Answers 100% Correct.
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Module
MCB 2610
Institution
MCB 2610
Desc Micro bio examines... - ️️How microbes interact with humans and food and
how they can be used by humans
Endosymbiotic theory - ️️Primitive prokaryotic microbes ingested other microbes,
starting a symbiotic relationship forming the first basic eukaryotes
Mitochondria resulted from m...
MCB 2610 Exam 1
Desc Micro bio examines... - ✔️✔️How microbes interact with humans and food and
how they can be used by humans
Endosymbiotic theory - ✔️✔️Primitive prokaryotic microbes ingested other microbes,
starting a symbiotic relationship forming the first basic eukaryotes
Mitochondria resulted from microbes that use oxygen to produce energy
Chloroplasts resulted from microbes that could use light energy to make carbon dioxide
ribe Bacteria - ✔️✔️Usually single-celled
Majority have cell walls with peptidoglycan (gram positive)
Most lack a membrane bound nucleus
Everywhere, even extreme places
Come cause disease but most are beneficial
asexual reproduction
Microbiology - ✔️✔️The study of microbes
Prokaryotic cells - ✔️✔️Lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus
Eukaryotic cells - ✔️✔️Have a membrane enclosed nucleus
More complex morphologically
Carl Woese used ribosomal RNA to divide organisms into... - ✔️✔️Domains:
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Describe Archaea - ✔️✔️Distinguished from Bacteria by unique rRNA sequences
Lack peptidoglycan and have unique membrane lipids (gram negative)
Some have unusual metabolic characteristics
Extreme environments
asexual reproduction
Describe Eukarya - Eukaryotes - ✔️✔️Generally larger than B and A
Plants, Animals
Microorganisms like protists - algae, protozoa, slime molds, water molds
Fungi - yeast (unicellular), molds (multicellular) - primarily decomposers
, Acellular Infectious agents - ✔️✔️Viruses - smallest of all microbes, simple (consist of
proteins and nucleic acids), require a host cell to replicate
Virouds and virusoids - infectious agents composed of RNA
Prions - infectious proteins
Define Life - ✔️✔️Metabolism
Growth
Reproduction
Genetic variation/evolution
Response/adaptation to environment
Homeostasis
Macromolecules necessary for life - ✔️✔️Lipids, Proteins, Carbs, nucleic acids
Polypeptides - ✔️✔️Proteins - many jobs - most important is enzyme as catalyst of
chemical reactions
Nucleic Acids - ✔️✔️Storehouse for genetic information
Comparison of DNA allows us to break life into domains
Lipids - ✔️✔️Form foundation of plasma membrane
Polysaccharides - ✔️✔️Polymers of sugars - important for energy production/storage
and structure
First microbes - ✔️✔️Swartkoppie Chert - could do cellular work and replicate itself
Stanley Miller - ✔️✔️Formed organic molecules from a primordial soup by recreating
the conditions of pre-life earth
Ribozymes - ✔️✔️Discovered by Thomas Cech - RNA molecules that form peptide
bonds, perform cellular work and replication
Micelle - ✔️✔️A single lipid later that kay have been an early plasma membrane
Could have formed a crude way of separating interior and external environment
Basic idea of how microbial life arose: - ✔️✔️-Early conditions formed RNA and
micelles
-These came together into a primitive cell using RNA for storing genetic info and coding
-Primitive cells eventually changed from using RNA to DNA instead of storing their
genetic information
Binomial nomenclature - ✔️✔️Developed by Carolus Linnaeus
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