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NASM PES questions with complete solutions 2024
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NASM PES questions with complete solutions 2024
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NASM PESIntegrated Training - correct answer ✔A comprehensive training approach
that combines all the components necessary to help a client achieve optimum
performance.
Functional efficacy - correct answer ✔The ability of the neuromuscular
system to monitor and manipulate movement during functional tasks, using
the least amount of energy, creating the least amount of stress of the kinetic
chain.
Functional Strength - correct answer ✔The ability of the neuromuscular
system to contract eccentrically, isometrically, and concentrically in all three
planes of motion.
Neuromuscular efficiency - correct answer ✔The ability of the (human
movement system) neuromuscular system to allow agonists, antagonists, and
stabilizers to work synergistically to produce, reduce, and dynamically
stabilize the entire kinetic chain in all three planes of motion.
stretch-shortening cycle - correct answer ✔an active stretch (eccentric
contraction) of a muscle followed by an immediate shortening (concentric
contraction) of that same muscle. Occurs when an activated muscle
transitions from an eccentric contraction (deceleration) to a rapid, concentric
contraction (acceleration). The rapid contraction creates a stretch reflex,
shortening potential energy use to produce a concentric contraction more
forceful than could otherwise be generated by the resting muscle.
traditional strength and conditioning - correct answer ✔Often exercises occur
in the sagittal plane with the primary emphasis on concentric force production.
Many athletic injuries occur in the frontal and transverse plane.
,Sagital plane - correct answer ✔*Side to side. Bisects the body into left and
right halves
Movement = flexion/extension
Axis = Coronal or frontal
Ex's = bicep curls, tricep pushdown, squats, front lunge, calf raise, walking,
running, vertical jumping, climbing stairs
frontal plane - correct answer ✔*Front to back. Bisects the body into front
and back halves
Movement = adduction, abduction, lateral flexion, eversion/inversion
Axis = anterior/posterior
Ex's = side lateral raises, side lunges
transverse plane - correct answer ✔* Horizontal bisection of the body into
upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves.
Movement = internal/external, rotation, horizontal adduction/abduction
Axis = longitudinal
Ex's = cable rotations, transverse lunges, throwing, golfing, swinging a bat
extension - correct answer ✔Increases the angle of a joint. Occurs when the
relative angle between two adjacent segments increases.
Flexion - correct answer ✔Decreases the angle of a joint. Occurs when the
relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases.
Abduction - correct answer ✔Movement away from the midline of the body.
An increase in adjacent angle between 2 adjoining segments.
,ankle movements - correct answer ✔Dorsiflexion (flexed foot)
plantar flexion (pointed foot/extension)
Adduction - correct answer ✔Movement toward the midline of the body.
Decrease in angle.
Stabilizers - correct answer ✔Muscles that minimize unwanted movement
while the agonist (prime mover) and synergists perform the movement
pattern.
Ex - transverse abdominis, internal obliques, multifidus & deep erector spinae
stabilize the LPHC during functional movements while prime movers perform
functional activities.
Synergist - correct answer ✔muscles that aid a prime mover during
functional movement patterns. Ex. the hamstring & the erector spinae are
synergistic with the gluteus maximus during hip extension.
Antagonists muscles - correct answer ✔Muscles that act in direct opposition
to the prime mover (agonist) . Ex. - biceps and triceps, psoas is the antagonist
to the gluteus maximus.
Agonists - correct answer ✔Muscles that work as the prime mover. Ex.
gluteus maximus is the prime mover for hip extension.
motor behavior - correct answer ✔HMS's response to internal & external
environmental stimuli.
Motor Control - correct answer ✔How the central nervous system integrates
internal and external sensory information with previous experiences to
produce a motor response.
, Motor Learning - correct answer ✔Integration of motor control processes
through practice and experience, leading to a relatively permanent change in
the body's actual capacity to produce skilled movements.
Lateral System - correct answer ✔Comprised of the Gluteus Medius,
TFL, Adductor complex, Contralateral Quadratus Lumborum. FRONTAL
PLANE & pelvis - femoral stability.
motor development - correct answer ✔The CHANGE in motor skill behavior
OVER TIME throughout the lifespan.
Anterior Oblique Subsystem (AOS) - correct answer ✔Subsystem of the
global movement system composed of the internal and external obliques, the
adductor complex, and the hip external rotators. The synergistic coupling of
the AOS creates stability from the trunk, through the pelvic floor, and to the
hips. It contributes to rotational movements, leg swing, and stabilization. The
AOS and POS work together in enabling rotational force production in the
TRANSVERSE PLANE.
Deep Longitudinal Subsystem (DLS) - correct answer ✔Subsystem of the
global movement system that includes the peroneus longus, anterior tibialis,
long head of the biceps femoris, sacrotuberous ligament, thoracolumbar
fascia, and erector spinae. These muscles work together to create a
contracting tension to absorb and control ground reaction forces during gait.
Prior to heel strike, the biceps femoris activates to eccentrically decelerate hip
flexion & knee extension.
Global muscular system (Movement System) - correct answer ✔Muscles
responsible predominantly for movement, important in transferring and
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