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BSC 108 TEST 1 - YATES UA
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BSC 108 TEST 1 - YATES UA
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BSC 108 TEST 1 - YATES UABase - Answers-a substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a
solution. PH greater than 7.
Base examples - Answers-sodium and hydroxide
Acid examp - Answers-hydrochloric acid and stomach acid
Hydrolysis reaction - Answers-adds the equivalent of a water molecule to break apart
macromolecules, examp. Breakdown of lactose into its monomers by the enzyme
lactose
Dehydration reaction - Answers-removes equivalent of a water molecule to link
molecular units, builds macromolecules from smaller subunits, dehydration is the
opposite of hydrolysis
The 4 macromolecules of life - Answers-1. Carbohydrates
2.lipids
3.proteins
4. Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates - Answers-includes sugars and polymers of sugars, small sugar
molecules dissolved into energy drinks
Lipids - Answers-do not mix with water, oil
Proteins - Answers-polymer of amino acid monomers
Nucleic acids - Answers-store info and provide the insturctions for building proteins,
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids
Cells make macromolecules by - Answers-linking monomers and polymers
What effects protein folding - Answers-unfavorable temp and PH changes, high fever
Roles of proteins - Answers-instrumental in almost all cell functions, when a cell forms
an polypeptide the chain folds for the protein which allows certain functions to be
acheivable
James Watson - Answers-won nobel prize for describing the double helix
Diff bw DNA and RNA - Answers-DNA- double helix and uses thyamine
RNA- single stranded, uses sugar ribose and uracil
, DNA bases - Answers-adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine
RNA bases - Answers-adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil
Cell - Answers-smallest unit of life
Light microscope - Answers-can be used to explore the structures and functions of a cell
Electron microscope - Answers-uses a beam of elcetrons and results in better resolving
power than light microscope
- scanning electron: examines cell surfaces
-transmission electron:for internal cell details
Cytoplasm - Answers-entire region of the cell bw the nucleus and the plasma membrane
also supports and protects organelles/cell
Plasma membrane made of - Answers-lipids and proteins
Proteins in cell membrane - Answers-help regulate across the membrane and preform
other functions
Why is plasma membrane called the bilayer - Answers-it has 2 layers of phosphate that
attract water and resist water
Prokaryotic cell - Answers-bacteria and archea, older than eukaryotes
Eukaryotic cell - Answers-plants, fugi, animals
Prokaryotic organisms - Answers-lack internal structures, surrounded by membranes,
lack a nucleus, rigid cell wall
Organelles - Answers-membrane enclosed structures with specialized function in
eukaryotic cell
Nucleus - Answers-houses DNA, surrounded by a double membrane
Cell wall - Answers-protects, allows h2o, o2, and co2 to pass into and out of a cell, only
in plant cells
Cell membrane - Answers-controls movement of materials in/out of cell, mantains
homeostasis by protection from the environment
Nuclear membrane - Answers-controls movement in/out of nucleus
ER - Answers-carries materials through the cell
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