AEPS 315 Organic Ag Midterm Already Graded A+
Sustainable food system ️is often described as having a triple bottom line; it must be environmentally
sound, economically viable and socially responsible (equitable). This concept is sometimes referred to as
The Three P's:
Sustainable develop...
Sustainable food system ✔️is often described as having a triple bottom line; it must be environmentally
sound, economically viable and socially responsible (equitable). This concept is sometimes referred to as
The Three P's:
Sustainable development ✔️is development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Brundtland Commission UN, 1983 ✔️Known as the World Commission on Environment and
Development (WCED), the commission's mission was to unite countries to pursue sustainable
development together.
Brundtland Commission UN, 1983 ✔️Justus von Liebig
Leading org. chemist
Super-phosphate (1843)
Disproved humus theory
Plants fed by solutes (NPK)
Protested London sewers
Synthetic Nitrogen ✔️Fritz Haber (with Carl Bosch) in 1909
, Sought bridge between spiritual and material existence
Authored 30+ books, 6,000 lectures
Founded biodynamic agriculture in 1924 lecture series
BD grew swiftly in Central Europe
Biodynamic Agriculture ✔️Bio - life (matter)
Dynamic - energy (vital forces)
Sees a farm as an organism (holistic)
Emphasizes the importance of rhythms (terrestrial and celestial)
Uses specialized compost preparations and homeopathic field sprays to stimulate dynamic forces that
animate matter
Like organics, avoids synthetic chemicals
Demeter Certification (1928) ✔️the certifying agency for biodynamic farming operations. Founded in
1984, Demeter USA has established a series of guidelines for biodynamic as well as organic-in-transition-
to-biodynamic agricultural practices.
Sir Albert Howard ✔️Lived 1873-1947
Trained as a mycologist in Britain
Agricultural Research in plant pathology abroad: West Indies, South Africa, India
Directs an ag research station in Pusa for nearly two decades (early 1900s)
Father of industrial composting w/ his 'Indore Method' (aerobic, in piles)
Saw soil/plant/herd health as the best defense against disease
Wrote 'An Agricultural Testament', 1940
Howard & 'Law of Return' ✔️Nutrient cycling is a key to sustained fertility
Soil is the basis of plant/animal health ("feed the soil, not plant")
Disease is a teacher (it shows where deficiencies are)
Inoculants/drugs are not necessary when animals are raised on good soil
Work holistically, not symptomatically (relations)
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