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KAPLAN MED-SURG FINAL | 140 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED | NEW UPDATE 2025
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KAPLAN MED-SURG FINAL | 140 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED | NEW UPDATE 2025
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KAPLAN MED-SURG FINAL | 140 QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED | NEW UPDATE
2025
s/s of fractures - ANSWER swelling pallor, ecchymosis, loss of sensation,
deformity, pain/or acute tenderness, muscle spasms, abnormal mobility, loss of
function, crepitus, shortening of affected limb, decreased or absent pulses distal
to injury, affected extremity colder than contralateral part
Complications of fractures - ANSWER fat emboli, hermorrhage, delyaed union,
nonuion, sepsis compartment syndrome
compartment syndrome - ANSWER high pressure within a muscle
compartment of an extremity compromises circulation; pressure may be internal,
external; if left untreated nueromuscular damage occurs within 4-6 hours; limb
can become useless within 24-48 hours; will see unrelenting pain out of
proportion to injury and unrelieved by pain medication, decreased pulse strength
and pale cool extremity
unrelenting pain out of proportion to injury and unrelieved by pain medication -
ANSWER compartment syndrome
emergency fracture care - ANSWER immobilize, cover wound if open fracture,
give pain meds
treatment of fractures - ANSWER splinting/immbolization, internal fixation,
open reduction/surgical dissection
,Bucks traction - ANSWER a skin traction, non invasive, relieves muscular spasm
of leg and back; if no fracture, may turn to either side; with fracture, turn to
unaffected side, 8-20 lb used, elevate food of bed for countertraction. Pillow
beneath lower leg not heel. Don't elevate knee gatch.
skeletal traction - ANSWER halo fixation, Crutchfield tongs -- invasive
Cast care - ANSWER avoid covering cast until dry, avoid resting cast on hard
surfaces or sharp edges, keep affected limb elevated above heart on soft surface
until dry, watch for danger signs, elevate arm cast above level of heart
danger signs to watch for with casts - ANSWER blueness, paleness, pain,
numbness or tingling sensations on affected area
nursing actions if pt with cast is feeling pain in affected limb with numbness or
tingling - ANSWER elevate limb and call provider if it exists
s/s of hip fracture - ANSWER leg shorter, adducted, externally rotated, pain,
hematoma, ecchymosis
hip replacement preop and postop care - ANSWER abduction of affected
extremity (wedge pillow or 2-3 normal pillows between legs), Ice, trapeze for
lifting, DVT prophylaxis, ambulate with walker at first, don't sleep on operated
side, don't flex hip more than 90, report increased pain, cleanse incision daily,
inspect for infection
too much drainage post op - ANSWER ? review drainage care
, postop discharge teaching -- hip/knee replacement - ANSWER maintain
abduction, avoid stooping, do not sleep on operated side, flex hip only 90 degrees,
never cross legs, avoid position of flexion, walk,
pt should resume normal activity by - ANSWER 3 months after hip replacement
drawing up insulin - ANSWER clear cloudy? air in long acting, air in short
acting, draw up short (Clear), draw up long (cloudy)
rapid acting insulin -- time of adverse reaction - ANSWER midmorning -
trembling, weakness (peak action 1-3 hr)
intermediate-acting insulin - time of adverse reaction - ANSWER early evening
- weakness, fatigue (peaks 6-14 hours)
humalog - ANSWER lispro rapid acting insulin
novolog - ANSWER aspart rapid acting insulin
Humulin R - ANSWER short acting insulin
Novolin R - ANSWER short acting insulin
Isophane NPH - ANSWER intermediate acting insulin
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