OTD 306 Final Exam Questions with
Latest Update
clinical signs and symptoms of CP - Answer--Altered muscle tone, reflexes (cortex,
midbrain, brainstem), postural, impaired performance skills (transitional movements;
initiate, stabilize, reach, pace, adjust, turn towards, terminate)
-Seizures, difficulty sucking, chewing, swallowing, hearing impairment, delay in ability to
roll over, sit up, crawl, asymmetrical hand use, unusual gait
Why is a rhizotomy important? - Answer-Neurosurgical procedure: spasticity is reduced
but increased muscle weakness. Functional improvements-sitting, standing, walking
Perinatal -cause of CP incompatible Rh factor - Answer--Incompatible blood Rh factor of
mother (RH-) and fetus (Rh+)
-Foreign proteins destroy red blood cells
-Results in hemolytic anemia (lack of O2)
-Treatment give Rh-immune globulin
Lobe of brain - planning and sequencing - Answer-frontal
Define ATNR - Answer--Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex-primitive reflex found in
newborns and should vanish at 3 months
-Head is looking toward the arm that is extended
Lordosis - Answer-spine curvature too far inward in the lower back
Kyphosis - Answer-posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
Scoliosis - Answer-lateral curvature of the spine
What is an associated reaction? - Answer-Increase effort, increase tone, increase
posturing (excitement)
Stereognosis/astereognosis - Answer-using your hands to figure out what something is
Kinesthesia - Answer-body awareness
Graphethesia - Answer-being able to tell what's on your skin if someone draws
Esotropia - Answer-eyes turned in
, Exotropia - Answer-eyes turned out
example of fine motor tasks - Answer-isolated finger function
Rett's disorder - Answer--Normal development between 6-18 months
-Decline in social interaction, speech, loss of LE control
-Predominantly female
State characteristics of Asperger's disorder - Answer-Repetitive routines, flat blank
expression, strong sensitivity to sound
function of Purkinje cells - Answer--Neurons in the cerebellum-convey signals from the
cerebellum
-Link to the inferior olive
-Role in sensory discrimination, attention, emotions, mental imagery, problem solving,
language processing, visual spatial orientation, visuomotor function
Which foods may contribute to clinical signs of autism? - Answer-Gluten and Casein
How is Glutamate related to Alzheimer's disease? - Answer-NMDA inhibitors-
antagonizes activity of the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate
Dysthmia - Answer-persistent mild depression
Cyclothymic - Answer-chronic mood disorder more chronic but milder form of bipolar
disorder
anhedonia - Answer-inability to feel pleasure
Hyperglycemia - Answer--Blood glucose levels are too high
-Too little insulin in the blood (sugar level is too high)
Hypoglycemia - Answer--Blood glucose levels are too low
-Too much insulin in the blood (sugar levels is too low)
Type I diabetes - Answer-onset before age 30, insulin deficiency
Type II diabetes - Answer-insulin resistant diabetes, 90-95% of all cases
Multiple Sclerosis Definition - Answer--Progressive demyelination of nerve fibers in the
brain and spinal cord
-Portions of the myelin sheath are replaced by scar tissue
Articulate the purpose of myelin and white matter as related to MS - Answer--Insulates
nerve fibers
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