Exam Bank Solution Manual for EOSC 114 - Earthquakes Already Passed
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Module
EOSC 114 - Earthquake
Institution
EOSC 114 - Earthquake
Exam Bank Solution Manual for EOSC 114 - Earthquakes Already Passed
____ are primary effects of earthquakes while ____ are secondary effects - Answers ground shaking and surface rupture...land-level change and liquefication
first wave recorded on a seismogram - Answers p-wave
after a fault rupt...
Exam Bank Solution Manual for EOSC 114 - Earthquakes Already Passed
____ are primary effects of earthquakes while ____ are secondary effects - Answers ground shaking and
surface rupture...land-level change and liquefication
first wave recorded on a seismogram - Answers p-wave
after a fault ruptures (moves) - Answers elastic deformation concentrates stress at the ends of the
rupture
as the complex package of seismic energy travels through the Earth, the nature of this package changes.
Which of the following is TRUE about seismic waves? - Answers Higher frequencies are attenuated
(reduced in strength) more rapidly than lower frequencies
based on a renewal forecast for great (M9+) Cascadia earthquakes, the probability of such a quake
occurring since 1700 ____ with time - Answers increases
careful observations of ground motion all along a fault show that _____ - Answers portions of the fault
may move much more than other portions
determination of Richter magnitude of an earthquake requires knowledge of - Answers maximum
amplitude on seismogram and distance to earthwake
earthquake moment magnitude calculation is based on three of the following four quantities. Which is
NOT part of this calculation? - Answers the shear wave amplitude
Evidence that rocks can deform PLASTICALLY can be found - Answers in the curves and bends of the
layers seen in some mountain ranges
mitigating the damage to buildings may involve all of the following EXCEPT - Answers building "soft"
stories
one reason that soft rocks are more hazardous for structures than hard rocks is - Answers seismic waves
generally have amplitude in soft rocks
p-waves can travel through - Answers gases, liquids, and solids
regarding the Cascadia subduction zone, which one of the following is true? - Answers a huge
earthquake occurred at this subduction zone at 9:00 PM local time on January 26th, 1700
slowest and most damaging seismic waves - Answers surface
surface waves with a rolling motion - Answers Rayleigh
surface waves with a side-to-side motion - Answers love
the "moment magnitude" is found by multiplying - Answers rock strength, slip distance, and fault area
, the "seismic moment" describes how much energy was released by an earthquake. It is a number found
by multiplying - Answers rock strength, fault slip distance, total fault area
the 1949 earthquake in the Queen Charlotte Islands was about the same magnitude as the 1906
earthquake in San Francisco. Why was there so much more property damage as a result of the San
Francisco earthquake and little damage done by the Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake? - Answers few
people lived in the area of strong shaking in the Queen Charlottes and there was little property damage
the fault near Vancouver which produced the largest earthquakes is the ____ which can produce
magnitude ____ earthquakes - Answers Cascadia subduction zone fault, 9
the pacific plate is moving steadily across the globe at a rate of a few centimeters per year in what
direction - Answers north-westwards towards Alaska, Kamchatca, and Japan
the primary cause of earthquake related deaths in modern times is from - Answers being crushed by
collapsing buildings
the process of establishing a model of the Earth by "inverting" seismic data involves - Answers using
large quantities of seismic data to figure out details about Earth's structure
there are as many as 1500 to 2000 earthquakes in western Canada every year. Most of them tend to be
- Answers too small to be felt by people
travels through solids only - Answers s waves
two earthquakes occur in the same are by at separate times. Earthquake A has a magnitude of 5.5 and
earthquake B has a magnitude 7.5. Which statement is TRUE? - Answers the ground moved 100 times
less in event A as it did in event B
using the S-P timing method, epicenters can be located using seismograms from a minimum of three
recording stations if we know or can assume the ____ - Answers s and p wave velocities
what is the importance of the recurrence interval (frequency through time) of large earthquakes along a
fault? - Answers it is an estimate of the probability of future damaging earthquake
what is the minimum number of independent seismograms needed to estimate an earthquake's'
location? - Answers 3
when building in an earthquake zone, which ground type would be the WORST to buld on? - Answers
loose west sediment
where do most large-magnitude earthquakes occur? - Answers where plates converge
which combination of factors is most likely to topple a high-rise building? - Answers long duration low
frequency ground motion on soft ground
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