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Exam (elaborations)

AACN Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers

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AACN Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers GI flora changes from antibiotics - Ans:-1. Decreased GI flora which produce Vit. K - warfarin pts prone to bleeding 2. Decreased production of estrogen metabolites by gut flora - estrogen based contraceptives less effective 3. MACROLIDES decrease a...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 24
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • AACN
  • AACN
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©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




AACN Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers


GI flora changes from antibiotics - Ans:✔✔-1. Decreased GI flora which produce Vit. K - warfarin pts

prone to bleeding




2. Decreased production of estrogen metabolites by gut flora - estrogen based contraceptives less

effective




3. MACROLIDES decrease amount of gut flora which metabolize Digoxin, therefore the active

concentration increases


Chelation of oral drugs - Ans:✔✔-1. Cipro with antacids




2. Cholecystyramine (prevalite) with almost any other PO drug




3. Sucralfate with any other antacid - need AT LEAST 30 MIN between administration



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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Major binding proteins - Ans:✔✔-Alpha1-acid glycoprotein




Albumin




*Both decreased in critical illness


Protein bound drugs - Ans:✔✔-E.g. Warfarin - has very low free fraction




The more protein bound a drug is, the higher chance of adverse reactions and drug interactions—

changes in diet or health and other drugs competing for protein binding sites alter free fraction




Drug with higher protein affinity will bind and other drug will have increased free fraction - e.g. aspirin

displacing warfarin


Poorly protein bound drugs - Ans:✔✔-Gentamicin - free fraction relatively independent of protein


Volume of distribution - Ans:✔✔-The extent to which a drug moves out of intravascular space into body

tissues



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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




(Lot of movement out = high volume of distribution)




Dependent upon lipid vs water solubility and protein binding


High Vd - Ans:✔✔-Poorly protein bound, lipid soluble


Sepsis - Ans:✔✔-qSOFA score >2


-->higher is worse


qSOFA (quick sequential organ failure assessment) - Ans:✔✔-respiratory rate >22




SBP </=100




GCS <15


Septic shock - Ans:✔✔-MAP <65, Lactic >2 despite adequate (30ml/kg NS) fluid boluses


3 hour surviving sepsis bundle - Ans:✔✔--measure lactate, get BCs, hang ABX w/in 1hr of arrival



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