AU MATH140: Quantitative Reasoning -
Exam 2 fully solved
Individuals - correct answer ✔✔subjects on which data is collected
- DONT CHANGE
Variables - correct answer ✔✔Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are
controlled or observed in a study.
- CAN CHANGE
- QUALITATIVE (colors etc) or QUANTITATIVE (#/ amount)
explanatory variable (independent variable) - correct answer ✔✔Help explain what causes the
dependent variable
- one event NOT rely on other
-present on x-axis - affected by stimulus
**Time = ALWAYS on x-axis
response variable (dependent variable) - correct answer ✔✔A variable that results or changes due to the
experimental variable(independent)
- after one event occurs it CHANGES probability of next event
-present on y-axis
slope - correct answer ✔✔measure of the steepness of a line on a graph, equal to its vertical change
divided by its horizontal change
m=y2-y1/x2-x1
Mean - correct answer ✔✔Average of a distribution
1. Add the data points
2. divide by the number of data points
, (x₁+x₂+x₃...)/n = value
Median - correct answer ✔✔Middle data point in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are
below it
-EVEN # of data points→ add 2 middle values and divide by 2
Mode - correct answer ✔✔Most frequently occurring data points(s) in a distribution
Distribution - correct answer ✔✔The trend of an arrangement of ALL data points
Frequency distribution - correct answer ✔✔an arrangement of data that indicates how often a particular
score or observation occurs
- all values organized into non-overlapping classes with # of times data points are in each class
Ex. Handedness
R & L = class; Frequency = # of individuals w/ RorL
RIGHT skewed distribution - correct answer ✔✔Histogram has a longer tail of data toward the RIGHT
side
LEFT skewed distribution - correct answer ✔✔Histogram has a longer tail of data toward the LEFT side
Symmetric distribution - correct answer ✔✔vertical line could be drawn at any point on histogram and
both L&R sides are mirror images of eachother
Multi-modal distribution - correct answer ✔✔Histogram has multiple peaks of data throughout the
distribution
-bi, tri, multi
5 Number summary - correct answer ✔✔1. minimum (lowest value)
2. Q1(lower quartile)
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