PSYCH 101 Exam #2 2025(Questions and answers) LATEST UPDATE
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Module
PSYCH 101
Institution
PSYCH 101
retinal disparity - ️️the greater the difference between the images received by the
two eyes, the nearer the object
Working Memory cont. - ️️quickly fades unless we keep using or rehearsing it
wavelength - ️️the distance from one wave peak to the next; determines hue
sensation - ️...
PSYCH 101 Exam #2
retinal disparity - ✔️✔️the greater the difference between the images received by the
two eyes, the nearer the object
Working Memory cont. - ✔️✔️quickly fades unless we keep using or rehearsing it
wavelength - ✔️✔️the distance from one wave peak to the next; determines hue
sensation - ✔️✔️the way that our bodies sense stimuli
perception - ✔️✔️how our brains process the stimuli sensed by our body
top-down processing - ✔️✔️information processing guided by a higher-level mental
processes
bottom-up processing - ✔️✔️analysis that begins with the sensory receptors
absolute threshold - ✔️✔️the minimum stimulation necessary for detection 50% of the
time
difference threshold - ✔️✔️the minimum difference a person can detect between any
two stimuli 50% of the time
Weber's Law - ✔️✔️for their difference to be perceptible, two stimuli must differ by a
constant proportion- not a constant amount.
Sensory Adaptation - ✔️✔️our diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus
intensity - ✔️✔️amount of energy in light waves; determined by a waves amplitude
(height); influences brightness
accommodation - ✔️✔️focuses by changing its curvature
blind spot - ✔️✔️where the optic nerve lease the eye there are no receptor cells
Rods - ✔️✔️black and white vision; capable in dim light
Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory - ✔️✔️retina has three types of color receptors,
each especially sensitive to red, green, and blue
Opponent-process theory - ✔️✔️as visual information leaves the receptor cells, we
analyze it in terms of the opponent colors
, What are the opponent colors? - ✔️✔️red and green, blue and yellow, black and white
Gate-Control Theory - ✔️✔️spinal cord; small nerve fibers conduct most pain signals,
larger fibers conduct most other sensory signals; spinal cord contains a neurological
"gate" when tissue is injured, the small fibers activate and open the gate and you feel
pain
Taste - ✔️✔️sweet salty sour bitter umami
Sensory Interaction - ✔️✔️one sense may influence another; when smell is blocked
foods don't taste the same
gestalt - ✔️✔️meaning "form" or a "whole": when given a cluster of sensations people
tend to organize them into one of these
figure-ground - ✔️✔️we always organize the stimulus into a figure seen against a
ground
Grouping - ✔️✔️categorizing stimuli by:
continuity - ✔️✔️smooth continuous patterns
closure - ✔️✔️fill in gaps to create a complete whole object
proximity - ✔️✔️grouping of items that are close to each other
similarity - ✔️✔️grouping of items that look alike
connectedness - ✔️✔️tendency to perceive uniform or attached items as a single unit
Depth Perception - ✔️✔️the ability to see objects in three dimensions despite their two-
dimensional representations on retinas; allows us to estimate distance
visual cliff - ✔️✔️by the time a species is mobile it has the perceptual abilities it needs
visual cues - ✔️✔️factors that provide us with depth perception
binocular cues - ✔️✔️any cue that requires the use of both eyes
monocular cues - ✔️✔️any cue that requires either eye alone
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