Exam (elaborations)
ISTQB Chapter 1 Questions and Answers
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Exam of 3 pages for the course ISTQB at ISTQB (ISTQB Chapter 1)
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ISTQB Chapter 1Error - answerA human action that produces an incorrect result
Defect (Bug) - answerA flaw in a component or system that can cause the component
or system to fail to perform its required function. A defect, if encountered during
execution, may cause a failure of the component or system
Failure - answerDeviation of the component or system from its expected delivery,
service or result.
Testing shows presence of defects (Principle) - answerTesting can show that defects
are present, but cannot prove that there are no defects
Exhaustive testing is impossible (Principle) - answerTesting everything (all combinations
of inputs and preconditions) is not feasible except for trivial cases. Instead of exhaustive
testing, risk analysis and priorities should be used to focus testing efforts
Early testing (Principle) - answerTo find defects early, testing activities shall be started
as early as possible in the SDLC, and shall be focused on defined objectives.
Defect clustering (Principle) - answerTesting effort shall be focused proportionally to the
expected and later observed defect density of modules. A small number of modules
usually contains most of the defects discovered during pre-release testing, or is
responsible for most of the operational failures.
Pesticide paradox (Principle) - answerIf the same tests are repeated over and over
again, eventually the same set of test cases will no longer find any new defects. To
overcome this 'pesticide paradox', test cases need to be regularly reviewed and revised,
and new and different tests need to be written to exercise different parts of the software
or system to find potentially more defects.
Testing is context dependent (Principle) - answerTesting is done differently in different
contexts. For example, safety-critical software is tested differently from an e-commerce
site
Absence-of-errors fallacy (Principle) - answerFinding and fixing defects does not help if
the system built is unusable and does not fulfill the user's needs and expectations
Test planning and control (Fundamental test process) - answerInvolves defining the
overall strategic and tactical objectives of testing, as well as discovering and specifying
the specific test activities required.
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