Exam (elaborations)
PSYCHOLOGY EXAM CHAPTERS 1 & 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Module
- Institution
PSYCHOLOGY EXAM CHAPTERS 1 & 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
biggdreamer
Reviews received
Content preview
PSYCHOLOGY EXAM CHAPTERS 1 & 2QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Psychology - Answer-the science of behavior and mental processes
Scientific Attitude - Answer-curiosity, skepticism, humility
William Wundt - Answer-established the first psychology laboratory at the University of
Leipzing, Germany
Structuralism - Answer-early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used
introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind
Functionalism - Answer-early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by
Darwin ; explored how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the
organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
William James - Answer-studied human, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Behaviorism - Answer-the view that psychology should be an objective science that
studies behavior without reference to mental processes
John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner - Answer-scientific study of observable behavior
Nature Nurture issue - Answer-the longstanding controversy over the relative
contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological
traits and behaviors
Natural selection - Answer-chance inherited traits aiding survival and reproduction are
ones most likely to be passed down
Biopsychosocial approach - Answer-an integrated approach that incorporates biological,
psychological, and sociocultural levels of analysis
Theory - Answer-explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes
observations and predicts behaviors or events
The Scientific Method - Answer-testing hypothesis (a testable prediction, often implied
by a theory) and refining theories using
-descriptive methods
-correctional methods
-experimental methods
, Natural observations - Answer-descriptive technique of observing and recording
behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying manipulate and control the
situation
Experimental groups - Answer-exposed to the treatment, that is, the one version of the
independent variable
Control group - Answer-the group not exposed to the treatment, contracts with the
experimental groups and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the
treatment
Independent variable - Answer-the factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect
is being studied
Dependent variable - Answer-the outcome that is measured; the variable that may
change when the independent variable is manipulated
Placebo effect - Answer-experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect
on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the
recipient assumes is an active agent
Informed consent - Answer-giving potential participants enough information about a
study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate
Neurons (nerve cells) - Answer-building blocks of the nervous system
Dentrite - Answer-fibers that receive massages from other cells
Axon - Answer-passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons or to
muscles or glands
Myelin Sheath - Answer-covers the axons of some neurons and helps speed neural
impulses
Glial Cell - Answer-cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons; they may also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory
Action potential - Answer-a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an
axon
Threshold - Answer-the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
All-or-none response - Answer-a neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full-strength
response) or not firing
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £10.29. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
71184 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now