By a decree of the senate, my name was included in the Salian hymn, and it was sanctified
by a law that I should be inviolate for ever, and that I should hold tribunician power as
long as I should live. I refused to be made pontifex maximus, in the place of my colleague
who was still alive, when that priesthood that my father had held was offered to me by the
people. Some years later, I received the priesthood, in the consulship of Publius Sulpicius 5
and Gaius Valgus, on the death of the man who had held it since the occasion of civil
disturbance, with a multitude gathering together for my election from the whole of Italy, so
many as had never been seen before that time in Rome.
I rebuilt the Capitol and the Theatre of Pompey, both works at great expense without
inscribing my name on either of them. In numerous places, I rebuilt aqueducts that had 10
fallen into disrepair, and I doubled the capacity of the aqueduct called Marcia, by bringing
in water from a new spring. I completed the Forum of Julius and the basilica between
the Temple of Castor and the Temple of Saturn, works started and almost completed by
my father, and when the basilica was consumed by fire, I expanded it. I began it under
the names of my sons, and, should I not finish it in my lifetime, I order that it should be 15
completed by my heirs. In my sixth consulship I restored eighty two temples of the gods
in the city by the authority of the senate, missing out none that needed to be rebuilt at that
time. In my seventh consulship, I rebuilt the Flaminian Way from the city to Ariminum, and
all the bridges except the Mulvian and the Minucian.
I built the Temple of Mars the Avenger and the Forum of Augustus on private ground 20
from war booty. I built the Theatre at the temple of Apollo, on ground in large part bought
from private owners, which was under the name of my son-in-law, Marcus Marcellus. I
dedicated gifts from booty in the Capitol and in the temples of the Divine Julius and in the
temple of Mars the Avenger, which cost me about one hundred million sesterces. In my
fifth consulship, I sent back thirty five thousand in weight of gold crowns, contributed to 25
my triumphs by the towns and colonies of Italy, and afterwards, whenever I was named
imperator, I did not accept the golden crown, which they voted to me with the same
benevolence as before.
4 Who is the ‘colleague’ referred to in line 3? [1]
5 In what year did Augustus become pontifex maximus? [1]
6 Outside which building were the Res Gestae Divi Augusti originally displayed? [1]
7 Explain how effectively Source B shows that Augustus improved the lives of the inhabitants of
Rome. [10]
8* Explain how effectively Augustus presented an image of himself as a good religious leader.
You may use Source(s) A and/or B as a starting point in your answer. [20]
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