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NUR 101 (UNIT 1) CH 1 Introduction to Nursing Exam Questions and Answers
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NUR 101 (UNIT 1) CH 1 Introduction toNursing Exam Questions and Answers
Health - Answer-State of optimal functioning or well-being.
Licensure - Answer-To be given a license to practice nursing in a state or province after
successfully meeting requirements.
Nurse Practice Act - Answer-Law established to regulate nursing practice.
Nursing - Answer-Profession that focuses on the holistic person receiving healthcare
services and provides a unique contribution to the prevention of illness and
maintenance of health.
Nursing Process - Answer-Five step systematic method for giving patients care;
involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Profession - Answer-An occupation that meets specific criteria including a well-defined
body of specific and unique knowledge, a code of ethics and standards, ongoing
research, and autonomy.
Reciprocity - Answer-Process allowing a nurse to apply for and be endorsed as a
registered nurse by another state.
Standards - Answer-Acceptable, expected level of performance established by
authority, custom, or consent. Allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as
protection for the nurse, the patient and the institution where healthcare is given.
Florence Nightingale - Answer-Born in 1820 to a wealthy family, grew up in England,
well educated and traveled extensively. Trained as a nurse at 31. The Crimean War
gave opportunity for achievement. Challenged prejudices against women, and elevated
the status of all nurses. Established training school for nurses, and wrote books on
healthcare and nursing education. Elevated the status of nursing to a respected
occupation, and improved quality of care. Regarded as founder of modern nursing.
Florence Nightingale's Contributions: - Answer-Identifying the person needs of the
patient and the role of the nurse in meeting those needs. Establishing standards for
hospital management. Establishing a respected occupation for women. Establishing
nursing education. Recognizing the two components of nursing: health and illness.
Believing the nursing is separate and distinct from medicine. Recognizing that nutrition
is important to health. Instituting occupation and recreational therapy for sick people.
Stressing the need for continuing education for nurses. Maintaining accurate records,
recognized as the beginnings of nursing research.
, Clara Barton - Answer-Volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during
the Civil War; served as the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James, organizing
hospitals and nurses; established the Red Cross in 1882.
Mary Elizabeth Mahoney - Answer-Graduated from the New England Hospital for
women and children in 1879 as America's First African American Nurse.
Harriet Tubman - Answer-A nurse and an abolitionist; active in the underground railroad
movement before joining the Union Army during the Civil War.
Isabel Hampton Robb - Answer-A leader in nursing and nursing education; organized
the nursing school at Johns Hopkins Hospital; initiated policies that included limiting the
number of hours in a days work and wrote a textbook to help student learning; the first
president of the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada (now
American Nurses Association).
Aims of Nursing - Answer-To promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health, to
facilitate coping with disability or death.
Four Essential Competencies: - Answer-Cognitive, Technical, Interpersonal, and
ethical/legal skills to provide safe and knowledgeable care.
Cognitive Skills - Answer-Think about the nature of things sufficiently to "make sense" of
their world and to grasp conceptually what is necessary to achieve valued goals. Offer a
scientific rationale for the patients plan of care (sciences include nursing and medical
science, as well as chemistry, microbiology, anatomy, physiology, psychology,
sociology, and anthropology). Select the nursing interventions that are most likely to
yield the desired outcomes. Use critical thinking to solve problems creatively.
Technical Skills - Answer-Manipulate equipment skillfully to produce a desired outcome
or result. Involve everything from manual dexterity and good eye-hand coordination to
an ability to troubleshoot when equipment malfunctions, based on an understanding of
the technical workings of the equipment. Use technical equipment with sufficient
competence and ease to achieve goals with minimal distress to participants involved.
Creatively adapt equipment and technical procedures to the needs of individual patients
in diverse circumstances.
Interpersonal Skills - Answer-Establish and maintain caring relationships that facilitate
the achievement of values goals while simultaneously affirming the worth of those in the
relationship. Use interactions with patients, their significant others, and colleagues to
affirm their worth. Elicit the personal strengths and abilities of patients and their
significant others to achieve values health goals. Provide the health-care team with
knowledge about the patients valued goals and expectations. Work collaboratively with
other members of the health-care team as a respected and credible colleague to reach
valued goals.
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