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ANBI 139 Glossary Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

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  • ANBI 139

Anthropocene the proposed geological epoch defined by human influence on the Earth; no consensus for when it starts (ranges from agricultural revolution to the first atomic explosion) Holocene the current geological epoch, from approximately 11.7 kya (after the end of the last Ice Age cy...

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  • November 8, 2024
  • 39
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • ANBI 139
  • ANBI 139
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ANBI 139 Glossary Questions and
Answers (100% Pass)
Anthropocene


✓ the proposed geological epoch defined by human influence on the

Earth; no consensus for when it starts (ranges from agricultural

revolution to the first atomic explosion)




Holocene


✓ the current geological epoch, from approximately 11.7 kya (after the

end of the last Ice Age cycle) to the present, that is marked by globally

warmer and more stable climates




Morphology


✓ the shape of an animal, or one of its functions




Genetics


✓ the study of inheritance, DNA, and its functions




Heritable variation




Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ variation biology and behavior that is inherited from one or both

parents




Differential Reproductive Success


✓ the difference between one individual's lifetime reproductive success

and that of the average individual in the population




Population Bottleneck


✓ the dramatic reduction in population size, which often results in a loss of

genetic diversity




Cell


✓ biological unit consisting of a lipid membrane covered by a glycocalyx

and containing DNA and cytoplasm




Organism


✓ living entity that can reproduce and evolve




Genome


✓ the totality of the genetic material in an organism




Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

Nucleic Acids


✓ the molecules of inheritance, DNA, and RNA




Proteins


✓ "building blocks of life" ; consist of chains of connected amino acids

and are directly encoded by genes in the DNA of organisms; most fold

and form complex 3-D structures; short=peptides




Glycans


✓ mono-, oligo-, or polysaccharides; unlike proteins, they can be

branched




Lipids


✓ fats consisting of fatty acids and diverse modifications




Soma


✓ "body"; the cells that make up the body of a sexually reproducing

organism




Germ Line




Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ the cells of an organism that give rise to gametes (sperm and eggs)




Phylogenetic Tree


✓ graphic description of lineages of organisms




Phylogeny


✓ the history of lineages or organisms




Convergent Evolution


✓ independent evolution giving rise to similar morphologies/adaptations




Horizontal Genetic Exchange


✓ gene flow; genetic exchange across distinct lineages of organisms

(e.g. from bacteria to eukarya)




Disease


✓ a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant,

especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a

specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury




Genetic Cause

Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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