UNE PHSL 1010 Exam 1 Study Guide
Integral proteins - answerPenetrate the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. Commerce via
facilitated or active.
peripheral protein - answerA protein loosely bound to the surface of a membrane or to part of an
integral protein and not embedded in the lipid...
Integral proteins - answer✔Penetrate the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. Commerce via
facilitated or active.
peripheral protein - answer✔A protein loosely bound to the surface of a membrane or to part of an
integral protein and not embedded in the lipid bilayer.
Carbohydrate group - answer✔Linked with protein or lipids and function as adhesion.
Cholesterol - answer✔Steroid common in cell membranes, also in many hormones. Functions as support
make the membrane more rigid and less soluble.
Structural protein - answer✔1. Help create cell junctions that hold tissues together
2. Connect membrane to cytoskeleton to maintain the shape of the cell
3. Attach cells to the EC matrix by linking cytoskeleton fibers to EC collagen and other protein fibers.
Membrane Enzyme (Protein) - answer✔Catalyze chemical reactions that take place on the inside or
external surface of the cell.
Transfer signals from EC environment to cytoplasm.
Membrane Receptor Proteins - answer✔Membrane protein with carbohydrates attached that helps cells
identify "self" and plays a role in blood types, organ transplants, and germ recognition.
Membrane Transport Proteins - answer✔Moves molecules across membranes.
1. Typically involving ATP to transport small molecules or ions across membranes.
2. SLC superfamily include most facilitated diffusion transporters as well as some active transporters
Carrier Protein (Membrane Transport Proteins) - answer✔A membrane protein, specifically a transport
protein, that holds onto molecules and changes their shapes in a way that shuttles them across the
membrane.
They are either open to the ICF or the ECF but not both at once
Channel Proteins (Membrane Transport Proteins - answer✔Crete water-filled passageways that directly
link the ICF and ECF.
That is to say can be open at the same time to the ICF and ECF
Limitations of Channel Proteins (Membrane Transport Proteins) - answer✔Allows more rapid transport
across the membrane but generally are limited to moving small ions and water
Limitations of Carrier Proteins (Membrane Transport Proteins) - answer✔Slower transport but can move
larger molecules
adhesion proteins - answer✔membrane proteins that form junctions between adjacent cells
simple diffusion (passive transport) - answer✔Nonpolar lipid soluble substances diffuse directly through
the phospholipid bilayer. (Solids Only)
facilitated diffusion - answer✔Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein
channels down their concentration gradient.
I.E Glucose
primary active transport - answer✔Active transport that relies directly on the hydrolysis of ATP.
Goes against electrochemical gradient. (low conc. to high conc.)
secondary active transport - answer✔Form of active transport which does not use ATP as an energy
source; rather, transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a concentration gradient established by
primary active transport.
transport/channel proteins - answer✔allow passage of hydrophilic substances across the membrane
gated channel protein - answer✔A transport protein that opens a "gate," allowing a molecule to flow
through the membrane and allowing no movement when closed.
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