PHARMACOLOGY FOR NURSES CHAPTER 1 & 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE A+ GRADED
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Module
PHARMACOLOGY
Institution
PHARMACOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGY FOR NURSES CHAPTER 1 & 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE A+ GRADED
Types of therapeutic methods
Drug, Diet, Physiotherapy, Psychosocial
Biologic therapies
tx of patients with disorders that attack the body's own organs, tissue and cells (autoimmune), blood (hematologic d...
PHARMACOLOGY FOR NURSES CHAPTER 1 & 2 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE A+ GRADED
Types of therapeutic methods
Drug, Diet, Physiotherapy, Psychosocial
Biologic therapies
tx of patients with disorders that attack the body's own organs, tissue and cells
(autoimmune), blood (hematologic disorders) and cancers
Each drug has 3 names
chemical, generic, brand
Generic names are provided by who, then listed by who
US Adopted Names Council
FDA
Trademark or brand name
: name given by company who makes and markets the drug.
Drugs classified by:
Body system they affect (cns, gi)
therapeutic use or clinical indications (antacids etc)
physiologic or chemical action (calcium channel blockers)
biologic therapy
class of drugs, transformed tx of pt's with disorders that attack the body's own organs,
tissues and cells. They are large, complex proteins manufactured in a living system
Biosimilar
a biopharmaceutical drug designed to have active properties similar to one that has
previously been licensed (reference product)
Biosimilars are
highly similar but not exactly identical to a reference product. Made by diff
manufacturers. Are not generics and are not interchangable. Agents cannot be
substituted
U.S. Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP/NF)
provide standards for the identity, quality, strength and purity of substances. Enforced
by the FDA. Also recognized by Canada
Package inserts must contain:
1) Description of the drug
2) Clinical Pharmacology
3) Indications and usage
4) Contraindications, precautions, warnings and adverse reactions
5) Drug abuse, dependence and overdosage information
6) Dosage, administration and how the drug is supplied
7) The date of the most recent labeling revision
Electronic databases
package inserts do what
, labeling reduces practitioner's time looking for info, decreases number of preventable
medication errors and improves tx effectiveness & pt education
USP/NF also provides infomation about what kinds of drugs
nutritional supplements
Drug interaciton facts
most comprehensive book about drug interactions
PDR
Physician's Desk Reference. full color images of commonly dispensed drugs
Electronic databases
- Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL)
- Lexi-Comp
- ePocrates
- DailyMed
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
1) 1938, National
2) Gives authority to FDA to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics
3) FDA/EPA
Controlled Substances Act
The federal law giving authority to the Drug Enforcement Administration to regulate the
sale and use of drugs.
Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951
• Created a distinction between "OTC" and "Legend Drugs".
• Legend Drugs can only be dispensed with a valid Prescription..
• Required Legend Drugs to carry the statement:
"Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription.".
• Most people refer to Legend drugs simply as "Prescription Drugs".
• The emphasis on this act was to insure safety thru qualified medical supervision.
Kefauver-Harris Amendment of 1962
• Also known as the "Drug Efficacy Amendment".
• Required drug manufacturers to provide proof of the effectiveness and safety of their
drugs before approval .
• Required drug advertising to be more closely regulated and disclose accurate
information about side effects
Comprhensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970
Outlines strict controls in the manufacture, distribution, and prescribing of habit-forming
drugs; establishes drug schedules and programs to prevent and treat drug addiction
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
Under this act, almost all herbal medicines, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and
chemicals used for health are reclassified as dietary supplements, a food category.
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
The federal agency responsible for enforcing the nation's laws and regulations
regarding narcotics and other controlled substances.
Dr's must provide what when writing controlled substances meds
Dr name, addresss, DEA # and signature
Pt's name, address and date of issue
Controlled Substances Act of 1970- 5 classes
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